41.
Bacillus subtilis under ideal conditions occupies 5% of the total volume of a fermenter. Under such conditions; the culture medium (after bacilli are filtered off) has a concentration of 1mg/ml of the secreted protein trehalae
(i) Calculate the volume of culture filtrate required to purify 1 kg of trehalase
(ii) What are the total number of B. subtilis cells which produce this amount of enzyme? Assume that each cell is a cylinder which has dimensions of 1 m diameter and length 2μm.

44.
In animal cell culture, a CO2 enriched atmosphere in the incubator chamber is used to maintain the culture pH between 6.9 and 7.4. Which one of the following statements is correct?

46.
The first patent for a transgenic organism was awarded in 1988. Which organism was patented?

49.
DNA ligase of E. coli requires which of the following cofactors?