11. Which of the following essential element(s) is/are required as major supplement to enhance the bioremediation of oil spills by the resident bacteria?
12. Match the industrial application of the following enzymes.
Group I
Group II
P. Penicillinase
1. Pharmaceutical
Q. Pectinase
2. Leather
R. Trypsin
3. Wine
S. Rennin
4. Dairy
| Group I | Group II |
| P. Penicillinase | 1. Pharmaceutical |
| Q. Pectinase | 2. Leather |
| R. Trypsin | 3. Wine |
| S. Rennin | 4. Dairy |
13. Match the commercial microbial sources in Group I with the products in Group II.
Group I
Group II
P. Corynebacterium lilium
1. 2, 3-Butane di-ol
Q. Klebsiella oxytoca
2. Poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid
R. Aspergillus niger
3. Glutamic acid
S. Alcaligenes eutrophus
4. Citric acid
| Group I | Group II |
| P. Corynebacterium lilium | 1. 2, 3-Butane di-ol |
| Q. Klebsiella oxytoca | 2. Poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid |
| R. Aspergillus niger | 3. Glutamic acid |
| S. Alcaligenes eutrophus | 4. Citric acid |
14. Match enzymes in Group I with their corresponding industrial application in Group II.
Group I
Group II
P. Amylase
1. Laundry detergent
Q. Invertase
2. Fruit juice clarification
R. Pectinase
3. Liquefaction of sucrose
S. Xylanase
4. Pulp and paper processing
| Group I | Group II |
| P. Amylase | 1. Laundry detergent |
| Q. Invertase | 2. Fruit juice clarification |
| R. Pectinase | 3. Liquefaction of sucrose |
| S. Xylanase | 4. Pulp and paper processing |
15. In secondary metabolism, two distinct phases - trophophase and idiophase refer, respectively, to
16. The two columns given below indicate some of the fermentation products and the microbial cultures used for their production. Identify the correct set of groups from the four options.
Fermentation products
Microbial cultures
P. Ethanol
1. Aspergillus niger
Q. Streptomycin
2. Zymomonas mobilis
R. Citric acid
3. Streptomyces griseus
S. Cellulase
4. Trichoderma reesei
| Fermentation products | Microbial cultures |
| P. Ethanol | 1. Aspergillus niger |
| Q. Streptomycin | 2. Zymomonas mobilis |
| R. Citric acid | 3. Streptomyces griseus |
| S. Cellulase | 4. Trichoderma reesei |
17. Match the following marker genes in Group I with suitable selecting agent in Group II.
Group I
Group II
P. nptII
1. Glyphosate
Q. aroA
2. Phosphinothricin
R. hpt
3. Kanamycin
S. bar
4. Hygromycin B
| Group I | Group II |
| P. nptII | 1. Glyphosate |
| Q. aroA | 2. Phosphinothricin |
| R. hpt | 3. Kanamycin |
| S. bar | 4. Hygromycin B |
18. During a positive-negative selection process, transformed animal cells expressing . . . . . . . . are killed in presence of ganciclovir in the medium.
19. Microbes bring about biological transformation of xenobiotic compounds by
20. Match the products in Group I with their producer organisms in Group II.
Group I
Group II
P. Ethanol from glucose
1. Aspergillus niger
Q. Probiotics
2. Leuconostoc mesenteroides
R. Citric acid
3. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
S. Sauerkraut
4. Bifidobacterium
| Group I | Group II |
| P. Ethanol from glucose | 1. Aspergillus niger |
| Q. Probiotics | 2. Leuconostoc mesenteroides |
| R. Citric acid | 3. Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| S. Sauerkraut | 4. Bifidobacterium |