31.
If an atom is in the 3d3 state, the angle between its orbital and spin angular momentum vectors ($$\overrightarrow {\bf{L}} $$ and $$\overrightarrow {\bf{S}} $$) is

32.
Which one of the following statements is incorrect in vibrational spectroscopy with anharmonicity?

33.
The pure rotational level of a molecule in the far-infrared region follows the formula F(J) = BJ(J + 1), where F(J) is the energy of the rotational level with quantum number J and B is the rotational constant. The lowest rotational energy gap in rotational Raman spectrum is

36.
The population inversion in a two-level laser material cannot be achieved by optical pumping because

37.
Group I lists some physical phenomena while Group II gives some physical parameters. Match the phenomenon with the corresponding parameter
Group I Group II
P. Doppler broadening 1. Moment of inertia
Q. Natural broadening 2. Refractive index
R. Rotational spectrum 3. Lifetime of the energy level
S. Total internal reflection 4. Pressure

39.
In a Raman scattering experiment, light of frequency $$\nu $$ from a laser is scattered by diatomic molecules having the moment of inertia $$I$$. The typical Raman shifted frequency depends on

40.
CO2 molecule has the first few energy levels uniformly separated by approximately 2.5 meV. At a temperature of 300 K, the ratio of the number of molecules in the 4th excited state to the number in the 2nd excited state is about