Current Affair of November 2024

National

1. Union Minister Jitendra Singh announced the launch of the Digital Life Certificate (DLC) Campaign 3.0 in India. This initiative aims to digitally empower pensioners. It is part of Prime Minister Narendra Modi's vision for enhancing the welfare of pensioners through technology. The campaign runs from 1^st to 30^th November 2024.

2. Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping the global economy. It is reinventing labor markets, industries, and societal dynamics. This transformation brings both opportunities and challenges. The global AI market is expected to grow, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 36.6% from 2024 to 2030.

3. The Sun is crucial for life on Earth, yet we know little about it. Solar storms can disrupt satellites and technology. India is addressing this gap by establishing the National Large Solar Telescope (NLST) in Ladakh. This project, led by Professor Annapurni Subramaniam, aims to enhance our understanding of solar activity.

4. The Government of India has announced the Census for 2025, which has been widely approved. The Census has been crucial since it began in 1872. It records demographic changes, economic conditions, and socio-political trends. The upcoming Census will focus on three major initiatives: caste enumeration, electoral delimitation, and the National Population Register (NPR).

5. The Durgesh Aranya Zoological Park is set to be an important development in India. Located in Bankhandi, Kangra district, it will be the first zoo in India to gain certification from the Indian Green Building Council (IGBC). This certification marks the park's commitment to sustainable and eco-friendly practices. Chief Minister Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu announced this on 2^nd November 2024.

6. Directorate of Enforcement (ED) was included in the Steering Committee of the Asset Recovery Interagency Network-Asia Pacific (ARIN-AP). This network is vital for addressing crime proceeds in the Asia-Pacific region. It is also part of the Global CARIN Network. This inclusion marks an important step for India in the fight against economic crimes.

7. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) launched the First in the World Challenge. This initiative encourages Indian scientists to propose innovative solutions for pressing health issues. It aims to encourage breakthrough ideas in biomedical research that have never been attempted globally.

8. Ten wild elephants from a herd of 13 have died in Madhya Pradesh's Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve. The cause is suspected to be mycotoxins from Kodo millet. This incident marks the dangers of Kodo millet and its potential toxicity.

9. India presented its National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) at the UN conference on biodiversity in Cali, Colombia. This submission aligns with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KM-GBF). The KM-GBF aims to halt biodiversity loss by 2030, with 196 countries committed to achieving a nature-positive world.

10. The Tamil Nadu government declared heatwaves a State-specific disaster. This decision aims to provide relief for those affected by extreme heat. It includes financial aid for families of heat-related fatalities and interim measures to manage heat impacts. Funding will come from the State Disaster Response Fund.

11. Punjab's paddy milling sector is facing challenges regarding the late storage of paddy. The controversy revolves around hybrid rice seeds, specifically Sava 7501, Sava 7301, and 468. While hybrid rice is known for enhancing productivity globally, Punjab rice millers question the milling outturn (OTR) of these varieties.

12. The Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change approved Coastal Zone Management Plans (CZMPs) for ten coastal districts in Kerala. This decision aligns with the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification of 2019. It allows for relaxed rules, enabling development activities, including building towards the seaward side.

13. The Madras High Court reported progress in eradicating exotic and invasive species from Tamil Nadu's forests. The focus is on a specific invasive species, Senna spectabilis, which is set to be completely removed by 1^st October 2025. This initiative is part of a broader effort to protect local ecosystems.

14. The Nagaland government announced the creation of Meluri as the 17^th district of the state. This upgrade from a sub-division to a full district marks administrative changes in the region. Meluri is notable for being predominantly inhabited by the Pochury Naga tribe. It also shares an international border with Myanmar.

15. The Supreme Court of India mandated the Union government to create a national policy on genetically modified (GM) crops. This follows a split decision on the environmental release of GM mustard. The court brought into light the need for public consultation, reigniting debates on GM crop's role in India's food security and environmental safety.

16. A 32-year-old marketing executive recently experienced severe fatigue and mild chest discomfort, leading her to the emergency room. Initial tests revealed she had suffered a heart attack, despite atypical symptoms. This case marks the rising concern of heart disease among younger women in India.

17. An important global effort is underway, led by hundreds of scientists drafting the GEO-7 report. This initiative, under the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), aims to address critical environmental challenges. The seventh edition of the Global Environment Outlook (GEO) is set to be published at the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA-7) in December 2025.

18. The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) announced the launch of the Digital India Common Service Centre (DICSC) project. This initiative targets rural areas in India, aiming to enhance digital access for citizens. The rollout will begin in Pilibhit and Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh.

19. The Tamil Nadu Land Consolidation (for Special Projects) Act, 2023, was enacted on 18^th October 2024. It aims to facilitate land acquisition for major infrastructure projects. However, the Act has ignited controversy among various stakeholders, including environmentalists and farmer's groups. They argue it threatens water bodies and local rights.

20. The Government of Sikkim introduced an Odd-Even traffic regulation in Gangtok. This measure aims to alleviate traffic congestion in the city. The initiative affects both private and government vehicles. The Odd-Even rule applies to the Gangtok Municipal Corporation area. It stretches from Mayfair Fatak to GICI, Zero Point.

21. The Union Government has released the Fifteenth Finance Commission (XV FC) Grants for the financial year 2024-25. This funding targets Rural Local Bodies (RLBs) in Haryana, Tripura, and Mizoram. The grants aim to strengthen local governance and enhance rural development.

22. The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) approved a substantial equity infusion of Rs. 10,700 crore into the Food Corporation of India (FCI). This decision aims to enhance the operational capabilities of FCI, ensuring it can effectively support the agricultural sector and the welfare of farmers across India.

23. NITI Aayog launched a 15-day initiative called 'Jal Utsav'. This campaign aims to raise awareness about water management, conservation, and sustainability. It aligns with Prime Minister Narendra Modi's vision, introduced during the 3^rd Chief Secretaries Conference in December 2023.

24. The common cat snake was brought to light due to its recent sighting in Bihar. This species, known scientifically as Boiga trigonata, is rare and less venomous compared to other snakes. The discovery took place in the Valmiki Tiger Reserve, an important area for biodiversity.

25. Sagar Defence Engineering announced an important achievement. Their autonomous surface vessel completed a 1,500-kilometre journey from Mumbai to Thoothukudi without human intervention. This voyage was supported by the Indian Navy and marks a milestone in autonomous maritime technology in India.

26. Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu launched the Deepam 2.0 scheme in Edupuram, Srikakulam. This initiative offers free gas cylinders to women, aiming to provide clean cooking energy and improve living conditions. Naidu personally distributed the cylinders, denoting the importance of the scheme.

27. The Ministry of Tourism, Government of India, is currently participating in the World Travel Market (WTM) in London from 5^th - 7^th November 2024. The UK is an important source of inbound tourists to India, with nearly 0.92 million visits in 2023.

28. The Karnataka Board of Waqfs declared 17 monuments within the historic Bidar Fort as its property. This announcement has raised concerns and confusion among local authorities and the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), which manages the fort.

29. The Madhya Pradesh cabinet, led by Chief Minister Mohan Yadav, approved an important increase in women's reservation in state government services. The proposal raises the reservation from 33% to 35%. This decision aims to bolster women's empowerment in the state.

30. The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) announced new measures for e-commerce food delivery. This comes as India prepares for a surge in tourism from November to March. Increased surveillance aims to ensure food safety during this busy period.

31. The Himachal Pradesh government has reaffirmed its claim over the Shanan Hydropower Project. This project has a 99-year lease dating back to the British era. Currently, it is under the control of the Punjab government. Chief Minister Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu has sought assistance from the Centre. He aims to secure the project's return to Himachal Pradesh.

32. The UNESCO Global Education Monitoring Report 2024 reveals a troubling reality. Despite progress in school enrolment, 251 million children and youth remain out of school. The report marks a mere 1% reduction in the out-of-school population over nearly a decade. This stagnation is alarming, especially given the rising completion rates in secondary education.

33. The QS Asia University Rankings 2025 have been released. Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IITD) has achieved the highest position in India. It ranks 44^th overall in Asia. This marks an important achievement for IITD and showcases its academic excellence. Other Delhi universities have also made notable gains in their rankings.

34. Bengaluru is set to launch its first digital population clock. This event will take place at the Institute for Social and Economic Change (ISEC) on 8^th November 2024. The clock will display real-time population estimates for Karnataka and India. This initiative aims to enhance awareness of population dynamics.

35. Karnataka's energy landscape is evolving rapidly. Recent data shows a remarkable 22.7% increase in energy sales during FY 2022-23. This growth is the highest recorded in over a decade. The state's peak demand is projected to exceed 33,000 Megawatts (MW) by 2034-35. This projection comes from a report titled 'Resource Adequacy of Karnataka' submitted by the Power Corporation of Karnataka Limited (PCKL) to the government.

36. The 83^rd annual session of the Indian Roads Congress (IRC) is currently taking place in Raipur, Chhattisgarh. This important event commenced with the inauguration by Union Minister for Road Transport and Highways, Nitin Gadkari. The convention spans four days, concluding on 11^th November.

37. The Rajasthan College Education Commission has mandated a new initiative. Twenty government colleges will paint their front facades and entry halls orange. This directive aligns with the Kayakalp Scheme. The scheme aims to encourage a positive environment in educational institutions.

38. 11^th November marks an important day in India. It honors Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, the first Education Minister of independent India. This day emphasizes the vital role of education in shaping the nation's future. With a youthful population, the focus on quality education is paramount.

39. The Union Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has recently clarified reasons for denying Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) clearances. This move comes after NGOs sought clarity on their denied applications. The ministry has outlined specific reasons, marking an important step in transparency.

40. The National Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA) has recently approved a revised version of 40 auditing standards. This decision aligns with international auditing standards (ISA). The NFRA Board's meeting concluded, focusing on key updates. The revised standards will be sent to the Central Government for notification.

41. The Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) has introduced new guidelines to enhance transparency in the coaching sector. These guidelines aim to combat misleading advertisements that often mislead students and parents. The initiative follows an important rise in complaints about deceptive practices by coaching centres

42. The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) has released its World Intellectual Property Indicators (WIPI) 2024 report. This report marks important trends in global intellectual property (IP) filings. Notably, India has emerged as a key player in the IP sector, ranking among the top ten countries for patents, trademarks, and industrial designs.

43. Recent discussions highlight the importance of India and China in the Southeast Asian economic landscape. Singapore's Senior Minister of State for Foreign Affairs, Sim Ann, emphasized their roles at a launch event for a new series of workshops. This initiative aims to explore the influence of these two nations on the global economy.

44. National Press Day is observed on 16^th November in India, which honours the establishment of the Press Council of India (PCI) in 1966. It marks the critical role of the press in a democratic society. The press is often regarded as the "fourth pillar of democracy," which plays a vital role in holding the government accountable.

45. The recent mayoral elections in Delhi have sparked political activity with Mahesh Khichi from the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) being elected as the new Mayor. This election followed an extended delay of nearly eight months. It marks an important victory for the AAP ahead of upcoming Assembly polls.

46. President Droupadi Murmu has appointed K. Sanjay Murthy as the new Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India. Murthy, an IAS officer from the 1989 batch, is currently the Secretary of the Department of Higher Education. He belongs to the Andhra Pradesh cadre.

47. India is advancing in financial services accessibility and remote areas are now receiving better services due to enhanced digital infrastructure. The Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Bill aims to safeguard personal data, which establishes a framework for data collection, usage, and storage.

48. Dr. Jitendra Singh recently revealed the Grievance Redressal Assessment and Index (GRAI) 2023, which aims to enhance the handling of public grievances. The event also featured Shri V. Srinivas, Secretary of the Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG).

49. India will inaugurate its first Constitution Museum in Sonipat, Haryana, which will be attended by prominent leaders, including Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla. The museum will be located at O. P. Jindal Global University (JGU) and aims to tell the significance of the Constitution of India.

50. The Andhra Pradesh government has recently ceased the collection of garbage tax. This decision follows the introduction of a bill by Municipal Administration Minister P. Narayana. The State Legislative Assembly approved the bill on 21^st November 2024, which aims to investigate the previous government's handling of the tax.

51. India has achieved remarkable progress in the Network Readiness Index (NRI) 2024. The country has climbed 11 places to rank 49^th, up from 60^th in 2023, which evaluates 133 economies based on technology, people, governance, and impact.

52. The Supreme Court recently dismissed petitions challenging the 42^nd Amendment and added the words "secular" and "socialist" to the Constitution's Preamble in 1976. The Court affirmed that these terms are widely accepted in Indian society.

53. India has recently signed the Riyadh Design Law Treaty, which simplifies the registration of industrial designs internationally. It was adopted by World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) member states after extensive discussions spanning nearly two decades. The signing reflects India's commitment to enhancing intellectual property protection.

54. The E-Daakhil portal is now available in every state and union territory of India, occurred in Ladakh on 22^nd November 2024. This initiative aligns with the Consumer Protection Act 2019, effective from 20^th July 2020, which emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic, offering a quick and affordable way for consumers to file complaints online.

55. Hemant Soren, leader of the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM), will be sworn in as Chief Minister on 28^th November. His party achieved victory in the recent state elections. Soren announced the oath-taking ceremony date during a media interaction.

International

1. North Korea announced a successful test of its latest intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), named the 'Hwasong-19.' This development has raised concerns globally, particularly regarding North Korea's advancing missile technology and its potential nuclear capabilities.

2. The H-1B visa program is crucial for American employers seeking skilled workers. With Donald Trump's re-election on the horizon, it's essential to understand how his policies impacted this programme during his first term. The H-1B visa allows non-immigrant workers in specialty occupations to work in the United States.

3. Neft Daslari, also known as Oil Rocks, is the world's oldest offshore oil platform. Located about 100 kilometers from Baku, Azerbaijan, it has been a focal point of intrigue for decades. As the COP29 climate conference approaches, discussions around its environmental impact and future are becoming increasingly relevant.

4. The first Integrated Check Post (ICP) along the India-Bhutan border was inaugurated at Darranga, Assam. This event marked an important milestone in India-Bhutan relations. Assam Governor Lakshman Prasad Acharya and Bhutan's Prime Minister Dasho Tshering Tobgay were present at the inauguration.

5. Canada has announced the suspension of the Student Direct Stream (SDS) visa programme. This decision impacts international students, particularly from India. The SDS programme was introduced in 2018 to expedite study permit applications. It aimed to alleviate housing and resource challenges in Canada.

6. The recent US presidential election has sparked important interest in the South Korean 4B movement. This movement advocates for women to abstain from dating, sex, marriage, and childbirth. Following Donald Trump's victory, many American women have turned to this radical feminist ideology. The 4B movement is now trending on social media and search engines.

7. China and the Philippines are engaged in escalating tensions over territorial claims in the South China Sea. Recent developments have heightened the conflict. The Philippines has defined its maritime boundaries, prompting a strong response from China. This situation reflects ongoing disputes over territorial sovereignty and maritime rights.

8. The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) hosted an important multilateral event in New Delhi. The South Asian Telecommunication Regulator's Council (SATRC) convened for three days. This year's meeting included a delegation from Afghanistan, marking a notable inclusion. The SATRC event was organised by the Asia Pacific Telecommunity (APT).

9. Navin Ramgoolam has returned to power in Mauritius. He was sworn in as Prime Minister for the fourth time on 13^th November 2024. This follows an important victory in the recent general elections. His coalition, the Alliance du Changement (ADC), won 60 out of 62 seats in the National Assembly. They secured 62.6% of the votes cast on 10^th November 2024.

10. Alix Didier Fils-Aime has recently taken office as Prime Minister of Haiti. His inauguration comes amid a critical period for the nation. Haiti faces severe humanitarian and security challenges. Gang violence has surged, leading to important casualties. In the first quarter of 2024 alone, approximately 2,500 individuals were killed or injured due to this violence.

11. India and the United States are enhancing their collaboration in the Indian Ocean Region. The inaugural U.S.-India Indian Ocean Dialogue is scheduled for 14^th November 2024. Key officials will participate virtually due to travel issues. This dialogue aims to strengthen security and prosperity in the Indo-Pacific region.

12. Nepal has recently initiated the export of electricity to Bangladesh via India's electricity grid and development took place on 15^th November 2024. The ceremony was attended by key officials from Nepal, Bangladesh, and India. The power flow is anticipated to enhance sub-regional connectivity in the power sector.

13. US President Joe Biden and Chinese President Xi Jinping discussed global challenges at the recent APEC summit in Lima. Their remarks brought into light concerns about future economic relations, especially with Donald Trump's return to the White House. The summit, attended by 21 member economies, focused on trade and investment.

14. Leaders from the G20 gathered in Rio de Janeiro at the Modern Art Museum where President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva welcomed them and the summit will continue until 19^th November 2024. The leaders will discuss trade, climate change, and international security. U.S. policy changes under President-elect Donald Trump will challenge these discussions.

15. The ASEAN-India Trade in Goods Agreement (AITIGA) joint committee convened to review the bilateral pact, which indicates a step forward in tariff negotiations. This meeting took place from 15^th - 22^th November in Delhi and officials from all ten ASEAN nations and India participated actively.

16. India's coastline spans 7,500 kilometers and hosts 12 major ports and over 200 smaller ones. This extensive network positions India along busy global shipping routes, which plays a role in international trade. In 2023, India contributed 16% to global economic growth and is projected to become the world's third-largest economy by 2026.

17. India and Italy have formalised a collaboration plan for the next five years, which was made during the G20 summit in Brazil on 18^th November. Prime Ministers Modi and Meloni discussed various sectors, including defence and technology.

18. Prime Minister Narendra Modi's visit to Guyana on 20^th November 2024, marked a moment in diplomatic relations. This visit was the first by an Indian head of state in over 50 years. Modi attended the second India-CARICOM Summit, focusing on enhancing ties between India and Caribbean nations.

19. The Chennai-Vladivostok Eastern Maritime Corridor has commenced operations, which facilitates the transport of oil, food, and machinery. Sarbananda Sonowal, Minister for Ports, Shipping, and Waterways, announced its significance. The corridor reduces transport time between India and Far East Russia has decreased from 40 days to 24 days. Additionally, the distance covered has been reduced by 40%.

20. India has been re-elected to the UN Peacebuilding Commission (PBC) for the 2025-2026 term. This reaffirmation of India's role marks its commitment to global peace efforts, which was made by the Permanent Mission of India to the United Nations on social media.

21. India and Bosnia and Herzegovina recently conducted their fourth Foreign Office Consultations in Sarajevo. It was led by Arun Kumar Sahu from India and Tarik Bukvic from Bosnia and Herzegovina. The consultations addressed various regional and international issues. Both sides discussed developments in their respective areas. They also focused on multilateralism, BRICS, the United Nations, the European Union, and the Non-Aligned Movement.

22. The Henley Passport Index revealed that Singapore holds the title of the world's most powerful passport. Singaporean citizens can travel to 195 countries without needing a visa. This ranking marks the strength of Singapore's diplomatic relationships worldwide.

23. The International Solar Alliance (ISA) released the 3^rd edition of the World Solar Report series during its 7^th Assembly. This event brought to light global solar energy growth, investment trends, and technological advancements. The series includes four new reports: the World Solar Market Report, World Investment Report, World Technology Report, and Green Hydrogen Readiness Assessment for African Countries.

24. The Australian government has announced plans to legislate against social media access for children under 16. Prime Minister Anthony Albanese described the initiative as a world-leading package. The proposed law aims to hold social media platforms accountable for preventing underage access. This announcement has sparked discussions about the necessity and effectiveness of such a ban.

25. Dubai has achieved a remarkable milestone in the '2024 Global City Index' by Brand Finance. It has emerged as the highest-ranked city in West Asia and Africa. This marks the second consecutive year of regional leadership. Notably, Dubai has climbed to fifth place globally, surpassing major cities such as Singapore and Los Angeles.

26. Passport fees vary worldwide, with a report from April 2024, indicating that costs range from Rs. 1,500 to Rs. 19,000, influenced by factors such as the country of issuance and validity period. The most expensive passport belongs to Mexico. It costs Rs. 19,481.75 for a ten-year validity.

Defence

1. The Indian Army contingent set off for the 15^th edition of the India-US joint Special Forces Exercise, VAJRA PRAHAR. This exercise will take place from 2^nd to 22^nd November 2024, at the Orchard Combat Training Centre in Idaho, USA. This marks a continuation of military collaboration between India and the US.

2. The Indian Navy hosted the third edition of MAHASAGAR. This high-level virtual interaction involved key maritime leaders from the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). Admiral Dinesh Kumar Tripathi led discussions with representatives from nations such as Bangladesh, Maldives, and Kenya.

3. The Indian Army made an important advancement in its Atmanirbharta initiative. The induction of 550 'Asmi' machine pistols into the Northern Command marks a pivotal moment for indigenous defence manufacturing in India.

4. The 2^nd edition of the Indian Military Heritage Festival (IMHF) is taking place in New Delhi on 8^th - 9^th November 2024. This festival aims to promote discussions on India's national security and military heritage. It serves as a platform for global and Indian experts, corporations, and scholars to engage in meaningful dialogue.

5. India is preparing for an important military exercise named 'Poorvi Prahaar'. This tri-services event begins on 8^th November and lasts for ten days. It involves the Indian Army, Navy, and Air Force. The exercise aims to demonstrate operational readiness and enhance inter-service collaboration.

6. The Anti-Terror Conference 2024 highlighted the urgent challenges posed by modern terrorism. Union Home Minister Amit Shah stressed the necessity of advanced technology and training to combat these threats. The conference aimed to enhance collaboration among various stakeholders in the fight against terrorism.

7. Exercise AUSTRAHIND has commenced in Pune, Maharashtra. This joint military exercise runs from 8^th to 21^st November 2024. It involves troops from India and Australia. The exercise takes place annually, alternating between the two nations. The last edition occurred in Australia in December 2023.

8. Israel's Defence Ministry is enhancing military collaboration with Germany. The focus is on deploying the Arrow-3 missile interception system in Germany by 2025. This initiative follows recent geopolitical tensions in Europe, particularly due to Russia's actions in Ukraine. Increased defence spending across Europe has prompted this partnership.

9. India is hosting an important military exercise called Antariksha Abhyas from 11^th to 13^th November 2024. This event focuses on the security of space-based assets and services. It marks a pioneering effort by the Defence Space Agency to address the growing threats in space. The exercise aims to integrate India's space capabilities with military operations.

10. The UK has approved an important military project. Prime Minister Keir Starmer has endorsed the Global Combat Aircraft Programme (GCAP). This initiative involves collaboration with Italy and Japan. It aims to develop a sixth-generation stealth fighter jet. The project responds to growing threats from Russia and China.

11. The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has achieved an important milestone. On 12^th November 2024, it conducted the first flight-test of the Long Range Land Attack Cruise Missile (LRLACM). This missile has a range of 1,000 km and was launched from a mobile articulated launcher at the Integrated Test Range in Chandipur, Odisha. This new variant of the Nirbhay LRLACM features several improvements.

12. India's Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) has recently signed an important agreement with Russia's Rosoboronexport. This collaboration focuses on the Pantsir air defence missile-gun system. The signing occurred during the fifth India-Russia Intergovernmental Commission Subgroup meeting in Goa. This partnership aims to enhance India's air defence capabilities.

13. The Indonesian and Australian militaries commenced joint combat exercises on 13^th November 2024. Approximately 2,000 troops are participating in various operations off Java. The drills include air, maritime, amphibious, and land exercises. The live-fire segment occurs near Banongan beach in East Java. This four-day exercise, named Keris Woomera 2024, puts stress on the strengthening ties between Indonesia and Australia.

14. The 35^th Triservices Commander's Conference (TSTCC) took place on 13^th November 2024. It was chaired by Chief of Defence Staff, Gen. Anil Chauhan, at the Southern Naval Command in Kochi. Commanders from all three services attended the event. The focus was on enhancing joint training and operational effectiveness.

15. The Government of India has taken a historic step. It has approved the establishment of the first all-women battalion in the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF). This initiative aligns with Prime Minister Narendra Modi's vision of enhancing women's participation in nation-building. The battalion, named the Mahila Battalion, aims to empower women and increase their roles in national security.

16. The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) recently completed successful flight tests of the guided Pinaka multi-barrel rocket launcher (MBRL), which took place on 14^th November 2024. The completion marks an important step towards the system's induction into the Indian Army. The enhanced range now exceeds 75 km.

17. Taiwan's Defence Minister Wellington Koo recently addressed the future of Taiwan's decommissioned HAWK anti-aircraft missiles. His comments came amid ongoing discussions regarding military support for Ukraine. The United States plays important role in deciding the fate of these missiles. Taiwan has expressed a willingness to comply with U.S. requests regarding the missiles.

18. India and Japan have recently signed a Memorandum of Implementation (MoI), which focuses on the co-development of the UNICORN mast. The UNICORN is a conical structure that enhances stealth on naval warships, which falls under the India-Japan Defence Technology Cooperation framework.

19. The Indian Army conducted the annual Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) exercise, Sanyukt Vimochan 2024, in Gujarat on 18^th - 19^th November 2024. This exercise demonstrated India's preparedness for disaster response. General Upendra Dwivedi, the Chief of the Army Staff, brought to light its significance.

20. The Indian Navy is gearing up for the fourth edition of the 'Sea Vigil' Coastal Defence Exercise. Scheduled for 20^th and 21^st November 2024, this edition promises unprecedented scale and participation. Six ministries and 21 organisations will be involved. The exercise aims to strengthen coastal security across India's vast coastline.

21. A high-level meeting on border security has started in Kathmandu focused on managing cross-border crime and preventing the illegal entry of third-country nationals. The meeting aims to improve crime control at the Nepal-India border, which seeks to enhance information sharing between the two nations.

22. The Bharat National Cyber Security Exercise (Bharat NCX 2024) commenced and was organized by the National Security Council Secretariat and Rashtriya Raksha University, it lasts for 12 days. The primary goal is to enhance India's cyber defense capabilities, which aims to train professionals in managing cyber threats and crisis situations.

23. General Upendra Dwivedi, the Indian Army Chief, was recently awarded the title of Honorary General of the Nepali Army and was bestowed during his official visit to Kathmandu. The moment in the longstanding relationship between India and Nepal.

24. India and Japan are enhancing their defence collaboration, and Defence Minister Rajnath Singh recently concluded a visit to Laos. This visit included meetings with Japanese and Philippine counterparts during the ASEAN Defence Minister's Meeting-Plus (ADMM-Plus).

25. On 24^th November 2024, the Indian Naval Sailing Vessel (INSV) Tarini departed Fremantle, Australia, which marks the start of the second leg of its global expedition. The crew, led by Lieutenant Commander Dilna K and Lieutenant Commander Roopa A, received a warm send-off from supporters.

26. Recent developments in missile technology have heightened global security concerns. China has enhanced its supersonic cruise missile, the Dongfeng-100 (DF-100), which poses threat due to its potential upgrades and capabilities.

27. India and Tanzania held their third Joint Defence Cooperation Committee (JDCC) meeting on 26^th November 2024. The meeting occurred in Goa, which aimed to strengthen defence ties between the two nations. The Indian delegation was led by Joint Secretary Shri Amitabh Prasad. Senior officials from the Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces were present.

28. The Indian Coast Guard will conduct SAREX-24 in Kochi from 27^th to 30^th November which focuses on enhancing search and rescue operations. It is organised by the National Maritime Search and Rescue (NMSAR) Board. The exercises will involve national agencies and foreign partners, whose aim is to improve India's capabilities in handling maritime emergencies.

29. During the Cold War, intelligence gathering was crucial as the U.S., U.K., and France sought ways to gain an advantage over the Soviet Union. One unconventional method involved sifting through discarded materials, leading to the operation known as Mission Operation Tamarisk.

30. Dr. Joshi has recently been appointed as the Chief of BrahMos Aerospace, which is renowned for developing the world's most advanced supersonic cruise missile system. His appointment marks a step in India's defence technology sector. Dr. Joshi has over 30 years of experience in missile technology.

31. The India-Singapore military exercise, AgniWarrior 2024, is set for 28^th to 30^th November. It will occur at the Devlali Field Firing Ranges in Maharashtra, which aims to enhance military cooperation between the two nation's artillery units.

32. The Indian Navy is set to showcase its maritime prowess at the upcoming Operational Demonstration (OpDemo2024) in Puri, Odisha. This event coincides with Navy Day on 4^th December. President Droupadi Murmu will attend as the chief guest. The demonstration aims to highlight the Navy's operational capabilities and encourage maritime awareness among the public.

33. The Army Day Parade will take place on 15^th January 2025, in Pune, which marks the first time Pune will host this prestigious event. The Army Day Parade commemorates Field Marshal K. M. Cariappa. He was the first Indian Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army. His appointment occurred in 1949. The parade marks India's military leadership post-independence.

Business, Economy & Banking

1. The Government of India and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) signed an important $200 million loan. This funding aims to improve urban services in Uttarakhand. The agreement was signed by key officials from both organizations. This project is part of a broader urban development agenda in India.

2. The Gujarat government has launched the Gujarat Semiconductor Policy 2022-2027. This initiative aligns with Prime Minister Narendra Modi's vision for a developed India by 2047. It aims to enhance semiconductor self-reliance in the state. Chief Minister Bhupendra Patel leads this ambitious policy. Recent milestones include important investments in semiconductor projects.

3. India's renewable energy sector has rapidly evolved over the past decade. The country recently achieved an important milestone of 200 GW in renewable energy capacity. This includes nearly 90 GW from solar power alone. The government has set an ambitious target of reaching 500 GW by 2030. This requires adding approximately 50 GW annually.

4. Amul is set to enter the European market by the end of November 2024. This follows its successful launch in the United States earlier this year. The Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF) operates under the Amul brand. The Managing Director, Jayen S. Mehta, announced this expansion during a ceremony at the Indian Institute of Foreign Trade.

5. The merger of Air India and Vistara marks an important shift in the aviation landscape. This strategic move aims for enhanced efficiency and profitability. The merger is expected to save over Rs. 500 crore annually. It will also strengthen Air India's position in both domestic and international markets.

6. In September 2024, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) approved an important loan for Pakistan. The loan, valued at US$7 billion, marks Pakistan's second-largest borrowing from the IMF. This financial assistance comes amid ongoing economic challenges faced by the country.

7. IBM has launched a Gen-AI Innovation Centre in Kochi. This facility aims to enhance the city's status as a hub for international IT firms. The centre will serve IBM's global customers and is expected to create important employment opportunities.

8. The euro has recently fallen to its lowest point in a year. This decline raises concerns about its potential to reach parity with the US dollar. Market analysts are closely monitoring the situation. Factors such as Donald Trump's election victory and the prospect of increased tariffs are influencing the euro's performance.

9. Arvinder Singh Sahney has been appointed as the Chairman of Indian Oil Corporation as of 13^th November 2024. His appointment follows the tenure of S. M. Vaidya. Previously, V. Satish Kumar held the position in an interim capacity. Sahney brings over thirty years of experience in the refinery and petrochemical sectors.

10. Recently, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has reaffirmed the status of State Bank of India (SBI), HDFC Bank, and ICICI Bank as Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs). This classification remains unchanged from the previous year. The RBI continues to monitor these banks closely due to their important role in the financial system.

11. The 43^rd India International Trade Fair (IITF) commenced on 14^th November 2024, at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi. Union Commerce & Industry Minister Piyush Goyal inaugurated the event. The fair will continue until 27^th November 2024. It aims to promote India's vision of self-reliance by 2047. The theme is Viksit Bharat @2047, aligning with Prime Minister Modi's aspirations for a prosperous India.

12. The UK government aims to create substantial "megafunds" through an important overhaul of the pension system. Finance Minister Rachel Reeves announced plans to attract up to £80 billion ($102 billion) in new investments. This initiative addresses the chronic under-investment of UK pension funds in local assets. It also responds to the recent economic stagnation attributed to insufficient domestic investment.

13. Belgium faces important economic challenges as it approaches 2025. The European Commission has raised concerns about the country's rising budget deficit and inflation. Without policy changes, the deficit could reach 4.9% of GDP by 2025. Increased spending on pensions and social benefits, along with higher interest payments on national debt, contributes to this situation.

14. The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) Mangaluru Chapter hosted CII Mangalore Integrate 2024, which featured an exhibition, a buyer-seller meet, and a conference. The theme was 'Connecting New Business' which gathered industry leaders, innovators, policymakers, and business professionals.

15. State Bank of India (SBI) plans to borrow up to $1.25 billion, making it the biggest dollar loan from India's financial sector in 2024. The loan is being arranged by CTBC Bank, HSBC Holdings Plc, and Taipei Fubon Bank. It will have a five-year term and an interest margin of 92.5 basis points over the Secured Overnight Financing Rate.

16. India and the UAE have deepened their educational partnership with Symbiosis International University opening its first overseas campus at Dubai Knowledge Park. This event marks an important milestone in the relationship between the two nations.

17. India's foreign exchange reserves are crucial for economic stability. On 15^th November, they stood at $657.89 billion which includes $65.75 billion in gold. The reserves had previously reached $675.65 billion on 8^th November. A decline of $17.7 billion occurred due to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) selling dollars to stabilize the rupee.

18. India's export landscape experienced remarkable growth in October 2024 with the core group of exports rising by 27.7% compared to the previous year and this growth spanned various sectors reflecting a robust economic performance.

19. The Income Tax Department has initiated a new campaign that targets taxpayers with high-value foreign income or assets, which aims to enhance compliance for the Assessment Year 2024-25. The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) is leading this effort.

20. Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese met during the G20 summit in Rio de Janeiro. They reviewed their Comprehensive Strategic Partnership as they approach its fifth anniversary in 2025 and discussed various areas of collaboration.

21. The ASEAN-India Free Trade Agreement (AIFTA) was initiated in 2010, which aimed to enhance trade in goods and services. After 15 years, a review is necessary to assess its effectiveness. India has experienced a growing trade deficit with ASEAN countries, which imbalance stems from unequal duty preferences and market access.

22. The Supreme Court of India recently made a landmark ruling, which allows telecom companies to claim tax credits for expenses related to mobile towers and pre-fabricated buildings (PFBs). The ruling clarifies the classification of these structures under tax regulations.

23. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the Maldives Monetary Authority (MMA) have recently signed a very important agreement, which aims to facilitate transactions using local currencies. The Indian Rupee (INR) and the Maldivian Rufiyaa (MVR) will now be used for invoicing and payments between both countries.

24. The Global Freight Summit 2024 commenced in Dubai on 18^th November, marking its third edition since 2022. Hosted by DP World, the event will conclude on 20^th November with over 5,000 industry leaders from 155 countries participating, focusing on the theme of Acting to reach the opportunities of tomorrow.

25. India is emerging as a leader in Artificial Intelligence (AI) readiness, highlighting its strong potential to enhance public services. The Boston Consulting Group's report assesses AI readiness across 73 countries. India ranks second globally for AI specialists and third for research publications.

26. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has recently approved the third review of Sri Lanka's $2.9 billion bailout on 23^rd November 2024. The country's economy remains fragile despite the approval and will release approximately $333 million, raising total funding to about $1.3 billion.

27. The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) has initiated a strategy cell in Coimbatore, which aims to support businesses in their growth journey. It was established to assist selected industries in becoming global players. The strategy cell consists of six members and will work closely with chosen industries for six to twelve months

28. Tamil Nadu has reported important growth in its State Goods and Services Tax (SGST) collections for the fiscal year 2024-25. The increase stands at 20.12%, the highest among major states of India. Provisional figures indicate collections reached Rs. 35,414.05 crore, a rise from Rs. 29,481.97 crore the previous year.

29. The Telangana government is actively exploring new industrial policies and a joint consultative committee with the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) is on the horizon. This committee aims to address industrial challenges in the state. Industries and IT Minister D. Sridhar Babu supports this initiative, which plans to establish the committee within a week.

30. Commerce Secretary Sunil Barthwal recently visited Norway, and aimed to discuss the swift implementation of a free trade agreement. This agreement is between India and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). EFTA consists of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland. The Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) was signed in March. However, the implementation date remains undecided.

31. The Aadhaar Enabled Payment System (AEPS) is transforming banking access in rural and semi-urban regions. It utilizes Aadhaar numbers and biometric authentication for seamless transactions. This system promotes financial inclusion for underserved populations.

32. Big tech companies are experiencing rapid growth in India, faster than in other parts of the world. This trend has been evident over the past four fiscal years and companies like Apple, Google, and Meta are leading this charge.

33. India resumed signing Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) in 2021 after a decade-long hiatus. The country has since completed agreements with Mauritius, the UAE, Australia, and EFTA countries. However, India is now adopting a more cautious approach to FTAs. This shift aims to achieve better outcomes and avoid previous pitfalls.

Science & Technology

1. Scientists announced the discovery of a lost Mayan city in the Mexican jungle. This finding was made possible through the use of LiDAR technology. LiDAR stands for Light Detection and Ranging. It is a remote sensing method. LiDAR uses light pulses to measure distances.

2. A groundbreaking study has revealed the existence of a "black hole triple" system. This discovery marks the first time scientists have identified such a configuration in space. The system is located approximately 8,000 light years from Earth, in the constellation Cygnus. It features a central black hole, a star spiraling closely around it, and a more distant star.

3. Researchers from the University of Georgia published an important study in the journal PLoS Genetics. They discovered a link between nickel exposure and sterol deficiency in mammalian and fungal cells. This connection was unexpected and has implications for understanding nickel toxicity and sterol biosynthesis.

4. Botanists announced the discovery of a new orchid species, Gastrodia lohitensis. This find occurred in Arunachal Pradesh's Lohit district. It adds to India's list of unique, endemic plants.Gastrodia lohitensis was discovered in bamboo thickets near Tezu. It thrives in dense, shaded environments. The orchid relies on specific conditions found in its habitat. It grows in areas with limited sunlight, making it a rare species.

5. Japan is pioneering a new era in space exploration with the launch of the world's first wooden satellite, LignoSat. This innovative project is a collaboration between Kyoto University and Sumitomo Forestry. The satellite is scheduled to launch atop a SpaceX rocket, destined for the International Space Station (ISS) next week.

6. The European Space Agency (ESA) has started initial planning for a mission to explore a large asteroid called Apophis, officially known as asteroid (99942). This mission, named the Rapid Apophis Mission for Space Safety (RAMSES), is designed to reach Apophis in February 2029. NASA is also preparing its mission, Osiris-Apex, to examine Apophis during the same close approach.

7. Chinese scientists achieved a big breakthrough in space ecology by keeping a closed aquatic system working during the Shenzhou-18 mission, which ended on 4^th November 2024, setting a new record for space ecological studies.

8. Zimbabwe successfully launched its second satellite, ZIMSAT-2. This event marks an important advancement in the country's space programme. The launch took place from the Vostochny Cosmodrome in Russia, following the deployment of Zimbabwe's first satellite, ZimSat-1, in November 2022.

9. Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a rare genetic disease affecting muscle function. In India, treatment options are limited, mainly due to high costs. The gene therapy drug, Zolgensma, costs around 16 crore rupees. Despite this, some families are finding ways to access treatment.

10. Researchers announced the discovery of a new species of jumping spider named Okinawicius tekdi on Baner Hill in Pune. This finding marks the rich biodiversity of the region and the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect urban natural landscapes.

11. On 5^th November 2024, the world witnessed a groundbreaking event. The first wood-panelled satellite, named LignoSat, was launched into space. This tiny spacecraft aims to explore the viability of timber as a renewable building material for future space missions. Developed by Kyoto University in collaboration with Sumitomo Forestry, LignoSat arrived at the International Space Station (ISS) aboard a SpaceX Dragon cargo capsule.

12. Allulose is gaining traction in South Korea. It is a potential competitor to traditional sugar substitutes like stevia. Local influencers and major food companies are embracing this sweetener. Allulose is naturally found in fruits such as figs and kiwis. Regulatory bodies in both the U.S. and South Korea have approved its use.

13. Recent advancements in computing have emerged from Israeli researchers. They have developed software that allows computers to process data directly in memory. This innovation aims to resolve the inefficiencies associated with data transfer between memory and the CPU. It represents an important step forward in addressing the "memory wall" problem.

14. Recent research has revealed a unique strain of cyanobacteria, known as Chonkus. This strain was discovered in the volcanic ocean vents near Vulcano, Italy. It thrives in high CO₂ environments, making it important for carbon sequestration efforts. The findings were published in Applied and Environmental Microbiology.

15. Lassa fever has gained attention due to a recent case in Iowa. This incident involved the death of a traveller returning from West Africa. The disease has been endemic in several West African countries. These include Benin, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and Togo.

16. The mpox virus, previously known as monkeypox, has remained an important public health concern since the eradication of smallpox in 1980. In 2022 and again in 2023, the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared mpox a public health emergency. This marks the ongoing threat posed by this virus, especially in West and Central Africa.

17. World Radiography Day is observed annually on 8^th November. It commemorates the discovery of x-radiation by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895. This day marks the importance of radiographers in healthcare. It also aims to raise awareness about radiographic therapy. The theme for 2024 is 'Radiographers - Seeing the Unseen'.

18. The Government of India has introduced a Rs. 200 crore scheme aimed at promoting green hydrogen production. This initiative focuses on innovative methods for residential and commercial applications. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy outlines various pilot projects. These include floating solar-based hydrogen production, biomass utilization, and wastewater conversion. The aim is to decentralize hydrogen use for cooking, heating, and off-grid electricity generation.

19. Recent advancements in knee rehabilitation have emerged from IIT Ropar. Researchers have created a mechanical device for continuous passive motion (CPM) therapy. This innovation addresses the high costs and reliance on electricity associated with traditional motorized machines. The new device is entirely mechanical, making it more accessible and suitable for various environments.

20. The Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS) has made important strides in the field of Ayurveda Aahara. A special issue of the Journal of Drug Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (JDRAS) was recently released. This edition focuses on merging traditional Ayurvedic dietary practices with modern scientific research.

21. Recent research from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) has revealed a novel approach to combat antibiotic resistance. The study focuses on breaking down biofilm barriers that protect disease-causing bacteria. Biofilms are secreted by bacteria and act as formidable shields against drug penetration. This discovery has important implications for treating infections caused by opportunistic pathogens like Klebsiella pneumoniae.

22. Recent findings indicate a potential association between the CoronaVac vaccine and immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). This study, published in Frontiers of Medicine, details two cases of TTP following vaccination. The research also marks an increase in TTP incidence in Nanjing, China, coinciding with COVID-19 vaccination campaigns.

23. The quest for immortality has intrigued humanity for centuries. Various cultures have sought ways to extend life. Recently, scientists have turned their attention to a unique marine creature known as Turritopsis dohrnii, or the immortal jellyfish. This jellyfish can reverse its ageing process, presenting an extraordinary biological phenomenon.

24. SpaceX achieved another milestone by launching the Koreasat-6A satellite. This event took place at Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The mission was important for both the satellite deployment and the performance of the reusable rocket. The mission aimed to send the KT SAT Corp.'s Koreasat-6A into orbit. The satellite serves communication purposes for South Korea.

25. The 'One Day One Genome' initiative has been launched by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) and the Biotechnology Research and Innovation Council (BRIC). This event took place on 9^th November 2024, during BRIC's first foundation day at the National Institute of Immunology in New Delhi, which aims to highlight India's diverse microbial life.

26. Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare but serious skin condition. Recent research has achieved an important breakthrough in curing this life-threatening disease. A team of researchers collaborated with WEHI to identify a new treatment approach. This marks the first time patients have been cured of TEN.

27. NASA and ISRO are collaborating on the NISAR satellite. This mission aims to enhance Earth observation and disaster preparedness. NISAR will track changes on Earth's surface with remarkable precision. It will monitor ice sheets, glaciers, sea ice, and vegetation. The satellite's launch is scheduled for early next year from India.

28. IIT Madras is partnering with ISRO to create a Centre of Excellence in Fluid and Thermal Sciences. This collaboration aims to enhance research in thermal management for spacecraft and launch vehicles. ISRO has allocated Rs. 1.84 Crore as seed funding for this initiative. The MoU was signed on 11^th November 2024, marking an important milestone in industry-academia collaboration.

29. Recent research has revealed a remarkable phenomenon in marine biology. A newly identified species of comb jelly, known scientifically as Mnemiopsis leidyi, possesses the extraordinary ability to reverse its aging process. This challenges long-standing beliefs about the life cycles of animals.

30. Recent studies have revitalized interest in Uranus, the ice giant visited by Voyager 2 in 1986. New analyses of Voyager 2's data reveal complexities in Uranus's magnetic field. These findings challenge previous assumptions about the planet's magnetosphere. They may also reshape our understanding of other gas giants.

31. Denmark recently introduced its own artificial intelligence supercomputer. This initiative is funded by profits from popular weight-loss drugs like Ozempic. The aim is to enhance research in pharmaceuticals and biotechnology. The supercomputer will also support various fields where AI can be beneficial. This launch is part of a broader trend among nations to develop sovereign AI capabilities.

32. The H5N1 strain of avian influenza has caused important mortality among elephant seals. Over 17,000 seals have died within a year. The outbreak has severely impacted breeding populations, particularly in Patagonia, Argentina. Research published in Nature Communications outlines the virus's spread and its consequences.

33. The International Conference on Communication and Dissemination of Traditional Knowledge commenced at Gurugram University. This event is a collaboration between the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research (NIScPR) and Gurugram University. The conference aims to highlight and promote traditional knowledge through scientific validation.

34. In recent weeks, an increase in walking pneumonia cases has been reported. This mild lung infection resembles common cold symptoms. Unlike typical pneumonia, walking pneumonia allows individuals to continue daily activities. Its name originated in the 1930s.

35. Nvidia and SoftBank Corp have successfully piloted the world's first artificial intelligence and 5G telecoms network. This innovation allows both AI and 5G workloads to function simultaneously. The network is termed an artificial intelligence radio access network (AI-RAN). It has promising applications in various fields, including autonomous vehicles and robotics.

36. GMR Hyderabad International Airport Limited (GHIAL) has gained international recognition for its digital innovations. The accolades were presented at the 'Airport Excellence Awards' during the Saudi Airport Exhibition 2024. This event took place on 12^th November at the Riyadh International Convention and Exhibition Center.

37. Dubai is advancing its transport infrastructure with the construction of its first aerial taxi vertiport. Announced by Sheikh Hamdan bin Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, this innovative facility is located near Dubai International Airport. It reflects the city's commitment to modernising urban mobility.

38. Recent data from the State Public Health Laboratory (SPHL) marks important respiratory illness trends. Influenza A and B viruses are the primary culprits, affecting 75.4% of patients with Influenza-Like Illness (ILI). The report indicates a notable increase in fever cases during the winter and monsoon months across Tamil Nadu.

39. Professor Abhay Karandikar, Secretary of the Department of Science and Technology, introduced Operation Dronagiri, which aligns with the National Geospatial Policy 2022. It aims to showcase geospatial technologies to enhance citizen's quality of life and streamline business operations.

40. Recent advancements in material science have revealed a novel method for creating quantum magnetic materials. Researchers have focused on a ruthenium-based framework. This marks an important stride towards realizing the elusive 'Kitaev quantum spin liquid state'.

41. Wave Life Sciences, a Massachusetts biotechnology firm, made headlines. They became the first company to treat a genetic condition using RNA editing in clinical trials. This milestone marks the growing significance of RNA in medicine, especially following the success of mRNA vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic.

42. Quantum computers can solve problems that classical computers cannot by using qubits, the basic units of quantum information, and new mechanical qubits have boosted their potential. Mechanical qubits are tiny systems, akin to drum skins, that can exist in multiple states simultaneously.

43. Dengue fever cases are at record levels worldwide, with studies linking 19% of the rise to climate change, which is expected to worsen by 2050. Predictions indicate a potential 40-60% rise in cases, with some areas facing increases of 150-200%.

44. Recently, researchers from the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) revealed a remarkable discovery. They identified a glowing sea slug, Bathydevius caudactylus, in the ocean's midnight zone. This unique mollusk challenges previous understandings of deep-sea life.

45. The Andhra Pradesh government has introduced the Semiconductor & Display Fab Policy 2024-29, which aims to attract investments in semiconductor and display manufacturing. It also covers related sectors like Outsourced Assembly & Testing (OSAT) and assembly, Testing, Marking, and Packing (ATMP). The policy is effective for five years, starting from 14^th November 2024.

46. India is advancing its communication capabilities with the upcoming launch of GSAT-20 which will be carried out by SpaceX on 19^th November 2024. The collaboration marks a partnership between the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and SpaceX.

47. Recent studies reveal that microplastics in the atmosphere may influence weather and climate. Research from Penn State indicates these tiny particles can facilitate ice formation in clouds. This discovery adds to the understanding of microplastic's pervasive presence on Earth. Their effects on precipitation and climate patterns remain largely unknown.

48. Aphantasia is a fascinating condition that affects visual imagination, first noted in the 1880s by Francis Galton. The term itself was introduced in 2015 by neurologist Adam Zeman and recent studies have shed light on how this condition works.

49. The Telangana government is set to establish an AI advisory council for the life sciences sector, which is part of a broader strategy announced during the Telangana Global AI Summit in September 2024. The council aims to enhance the integration of AI in life sciences.

50. India revealed its first Artificial Intelligence (AI) data bank, which aims to encourage innovation and enhance national security, by the Ministry of Science and Technology. The data bank will serve researchers, startups, and developers by providing essential datasets for AI solutions.

51. Recent advancements in HIV detection have emerged and researchers have developed a novel method that utilizes the G-Quadruplex (GQ) DNA structure. This technology aims to improve the reliability of HIV diagnoses. It reduces the occurrence of false-positive results.

52. ISRO is initiating a collaboration with the automotive sector, which aims to develop vehicle sensors in India. The automotive industry currently relies on imported sensors, which are often low-cost but still imported. In contrast, ISRO produces all sensors for its rockets domestically. However, these sensors are more expensive. ISRO Chairman S. Somanath brought to light this contradiction. He emphasized the need for a shift towards local production.

53. Three CubeSats from Curtin University's Binar Space Program burned up in Earth's atmosphere. This was anticipated due to their name, Binar, meaning fireball in the Noongar language. The satellites, Binar-2, 3 and 4, lasted only two months in orbit instead of the planned six.

54. High-altitude trekking poses serious health risks, as demonstrated by a recent incident in Uttarakhand. Tourists often face life-threatening conditions due to low oxygen levels, making awareness of these risks crucial for safety.

55. AroTrack is a groundbreaking device developed by scientists at IIT Bombay, which aims to tackle the critical issue of water pollution. The device can detect harmful pollutants like phenol and benzene in water, which utilises proteins from bacteria that thrive in contaminated environments. This innovation is essential as water pollution rises due to industrialisation and waste disposal.

56. The Union Minister, Dr. Jitendra Singh, announced the launch of "Nafithromycin," recent advancements in biotechnology. This antibiotic aims to tackle resistant infections, particularly Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia (CABP).

57. Recent advancements in nanopore research have emerged from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc). Researchers have developed a novel language called STRONG, which describes nanopore shapes and structures using a sequence of characters. The publication appeared in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.

58. Recent research reveals surprising insights about cellular behaviour, which suggests that even human cells can exhibit a form of learning known as habituation. This phenomenon allows organisms to stop responding to repeated stimuli, which is a fundamental aspect of how both simple and complex life forms adapt to their environments.

59. The Earth's magnetic North Pole is currently moving towards Russia, a shift reported by British scientists, who note that it was previously drifting closer to Canada. Historically, the magnetic North Pole had been drifting closer to Canada. However, in the 1990s, it shifted into the Atlantic Ocean. Recently, its speed towards Siberia has increased.

60. Astronomers have recently made discovery in the field of astrophysics and used the MeerKAT radio telescope to study giant radio galaxies in the COSMOS field. A new giant radio galaxy was identified, expanding our understanding of these cosmic phenomena. This finding was published on 11^th November in a research paper on arXiv.

61. Researchers at JNCASR have made important strides in studying the monkeypox virus (MPV), which is crucial as the World Health Organization has declared MPV a global health emergency twice in three years. Recently, the virus spread to 15 African countries and three outside Africa. There is growing concern about its transmission and symptoms.

62. The Government of India has implemented new telecom cyber security regulations, aimed to enhance the protection of communication networks and services. Telecom companies are now required to report security incidents to the government. They must also share specific data for cybersecurity purposes.

63. Recent discoveries reveal critical brain functions, including the identification of new brain regions aiding social interactions. These regions consistently communicate with the ancient amygdala, and this could transform treatments for anxiety and depression.

64. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared M-Pox a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), which follows a rise in cases worldwide. The WHO Emergency Committee met recently to assess the situation. Concerns focus on a new variant known as clade Ib, which originated in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

65. Recent research from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) sheds light on cancer cell behaviour, published in the Biophysical Journal, and examines how the microenvironment influences cancer cell movement. These dynamics are crucial for tackling metastasis, the process by which cancer spreads.

66. Recent studies reveal the connection between obesity and type 2 diabetes, and researchers at UCLA have identified how obesity hampers the production of crucial ribosomal factors in fat cells, which may lead to innovative treatments for diabetes and related diseases.

67. Pterosaurs were remarkable flying reptiles that roamed the Earth from 210 to 65 million years ago. They predated birds and bats as the first flying vertebrates. Recent discoveries have shed light on these ancient creatures, particularly in Japan. Japan has a limited fossil record for pterosaurs. The first important find was in the Yezo Group in Hokkaido.

68. The Curiosity Rover has been exploring Mars for over a decade, and landed on 5^th August 2012, in Gale Crater. The mission aims to determine if Mars could have supported microbial life. Recently, Curiosity has been investigating intriguing geological formations on Mount Sharp.

69. Wockhardt Ltd has developed Nafithromycin, the first domestically produced antibiotic targeting multi-drug-resistant bacteria. This antibiotic is aimed at treating community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) in adults, the launch was held on 20^th November 2024, in New Delhi. The event was organized by the Department of Biotechnology and BIRAC.

70. India is set to host the 13^th Plenary Meeting of the United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management (UNGGIM) for the Asia-Pacific region. This important event will take place from 26^th November at the Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi. Organized by the Survey of India (SOI), the meeting aims to encourage collaboration among member countries in geospatial information.

71. The World Health Organization (WHO) has introduced ten projects to enhance pathogen genomic surveillance, which aims to address disease threats effectively. The projects will receive approximately $2 million in funding. This first round of grants is part of the International Pathogen Surveillance Network (IPSN).

72. The Major Atmospheric Cherenkov Experiment (MACE) telescope opened on 4^th October 2024, in Hanle, Ladakh. It stands at 4.3 km above sea level, making it the highest of its kind globally. MACE features a 21-meter-wide dish, the largest in Asia. This facility was developed by leading Indian research institutions.

73. The Central Electricity Authority (CEA) has recently endorsed Surface Hydrokinetic Turbine (SHKT) technology, which aims to promote innovation in India's power sector. SHKT technology harnesses the kinetic energy of flowing water. It does so without requiring important water height, unlike traditional hydro systems.

74. Moiré materials are formed by stacking two layers of a material. A slight twist is applied to the top layer, creating a moiré pattern. The pattern alters the material's atomic arrangement, which leads to unique electronic properties.

75. Recent research focuses on artificial enzymes known as nanozymes, which show promise in creating advanced materials for medicine. Scientists aim to understand how nanozymes interact with proteins, goal is to develop nanozymes that are precise and efficient.

76. Aviation Safety Awareness Week is happening from 25^th to 29^th November 2024. The Airports Authority of India (AAI) is leading this initiative, which takes place at all AAI-managed airports and Air Navigation Services (ANS) locations, the aim is to enhance safety awareness nationwide.

77. India has enhanced its defense capabilities with the Sabal 20 logistics drone, developed by IIT Kanpur, this drone supports stealth operations and is designed for challenging terrains. The Indian Army has deployed it in the Eastern Theatre, which includes Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim.

78. TakeMe2Space, a Hyderabad-based company, will launch MOI-TD, which represents India's first AI lab in space. The launch is scheduled for mid-December 2024, which will use ISRO's PSLV C60 rocket and aims to make space research more affordable and accessible.

79. India's PSLV rocket will launch two satellites on 4^th December 2024, named Proba-3, which is a groundbreaking endeavour. It is the first to fly two satellites in parallel formation for extended periods. The primary goal is to study the solar corona, which is the Sun's outer atmosphere.

Government Schemes

1. The Indian Government has launched the 'Namo Drone Didi' scheme. This initiative aims to empower Women Self Help Groups (SHGs) by providing drones. The scheme is part of the Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM). It has an allocation of Rs. 1261 crores and will run from 2024 to 2026.

2. The government of India approved the PM-Vidyalaxmi scheme and an important equity infusion into the Food Corporation of India (FCI). These decisions aim to enhance access to quality higher education and strengthen food security in India.

3. The One Rank One Pension (OROP) Scheme has reached an important milestone. It has been ten years since its implementation. This initiative aims to provide equitable pension payments to Ex-servicemen. The Government of India introduced OROP to ensure fairness for veterans. The scheme guarantees equal pensions for those retiring at the same rank and service length, regardless of their retirement date.

4. The Assam Advanced Healthcare Innovation Institute (AAHII) has been launched. This initiative is a collaboration between IIT Guwahati and the Assam Government. It aims to enhance healthcare self-reliance in India. The inauguration included a symposium attended by prominent doctors and scientists.

5. World Immunization Day is observed annually on 10^th November. It aims to raise awareness about vaccines. Vaccines play a vital role in preventing infectious diseases. They protect public health and save millions of lives globally each year.

6. The Rajasthan government has introduced a groundbreaking interest subvention scheme. This initiative is designed to support farmers by enhancing their financial accessibility. The scheme provides important interest subsidies on both agricultural and non-agricultural loans. It aims to boost farm productivity and increase farmer's income.

7. The tourism sector in Kerala is set for an important boost with the launch of a new seaplane service. This initiative is scheduled to commence on 11^th November at Bolgatty Waterdrome in Kochi. The inaugural flight will operate from Bolgatty to Mattupetty Dam in the Idukki district. The service is part of the Udan scheme, which aims to enhance regional connectivity through air travel.

8. The Government of India has initiated a new scheme aimed at enhancing the medical device industry. Union Minister Jagat Prakash Nadda announced this initiative in New Delhi. This scheme is expected to transform the sector . It aims to make India self-reliant in medical device manufacturing.

9. The Inter-State Council Secretariat has updated its Standing Committee. This revision was announced on 11^th November 2024. Union Home Minister Amit Shah has been appointed as Chairman. Prime Minister Narendra Modi approved these changes. The new structure is effective immediately.

10. Amazon has recently opened its first Amazon Future Engineer Makerspace in Bengaluru. This initiative targets over 4,000 students by 2025. It focuses on underserved students from classes 5 to 12. The goal is to provide them with essential technological skills. The programmes are entirely free of charge.

11. The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has recently intensified its scrutiny of quick commerce and e-commerce food platforms. This move responds to rising consumer concerns about food safety. The FSSAI has mandated compliance with expiry date and labelling regulations.

12. India is making important strides in promoting decent work and economic growth. Recent discussions at the Eighth South and South-West Asia Subregional Forum on SDGs brought into light the country's commitment to inclusive economic development. This forum was co-hosted by NITI Aayog and UN ESCAP.

13. Australia has introduced a new initiative aimed at talented young professionals from India. This initiative is known as the Mobility Arrangement for Talented Early-professionals Scheme (MATES). It offers Indian university graduates an opportunity to work in Australia for a duration of two years.

14. Himachal Pradesh Chief Minister Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu announced a new initiative aimed at boosting solar power projects in the state. This initiative is designed to streamline processes for private sector involvement. The government aims to encourage economic growth and employment through renewable energy.

15. The Green Energy Corridor-II (GEC-II) Scheme is a project for Tamil Nadu, which aims to enhance the state's renewable energy transmission capacity. The initiative is part of a larger national effort to integrate renewable energy sources into the grid. The Central Electricity Authority (CEA) has outlined this plan in its recent report.

16. Dhudmaras, a village in Chhattisgarh's Bastar district, is gaining international acclaim and has been named one of the best tourism villages by the UNWTO. This recognition marks its commitment to sustainable tourism. The village is located within the stunning Kanger Valley National Park.

17. Municipal corporations (MCs) are crucial for urban governance, which rely heavily on property taxes for revenue. Recent reports highlight important differences in property tax revenue growth across states in India from FY19 to FY24.

18. The Haryana Assembly enacted the Haryana Contractual Employees (Security of Service) Bill 2024, which aims to enhance job security for around 1,20,000 contractual workers. Chief Minister Nayab Singh Saini brought to light the significance of this bill for young employees seeking stable employment.

19. IIT Madras has recently signed eight agreements with the Andhra Pradesh government, which aim to enhance innovation and development in the state. Key focus areas include deep-tech innovation, digital skills training, aviation, and maritime research.

20. The Bihar Cabinet has recently approved an initiative named 'Mahila Samwad', which aims to empower women in rural areas by informing them about government policies. Chief Minister Nitish Kumar and other officials will actively engage with women across districts, which allocation for this initiative is Rs. 225 crore.

21. The PM GatiShakti initiative aims to enhance India's infrastructure, launched on 13^th October 2021, it proposes 228 projects worth Rs. 15.89 lakh crore. These projects span roads, railways, urban development, and oil and gas sectors. Roads lead with 108 projects, followed by 85 for railways.

22. The "Viksit Bharat Initiative for Student Innovation and Outreach Network" (VISION) was recently launched by Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh. This initiative aims to empower underprivileged children through education, skills, and innovation, seeks to provide equal opportunities for youth across India and encourage startup skills.

23. The Union Education Minister and Labour Minister recently launched a World Bank report, which is titled "Jobs at Your Doorstep - A Jobs Diagnostics for Young People," which focuses on job opportunities and skill development in six states of India - Himachal Pradesh, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, and Rajasthan.

24. India's micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) have experienced remarkable growth recently. Official data from the Udhayam Portal reveals that they have generated nearly 10 crore new jobs in just 15 months. The registered MSMEs have surged from 2.33 crore to 5.49 crore. This growth has increased job opportunities, rising from 13.15 crore to 23.14 crore.

25. The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs has recently approved three important railway projects, which aim to enhance rail connectivity in India. The total investment is approximately Rs. 7,927 crore, part of the PM-Gati Shakti National Master Plan.

26. The Union Cabinet has recently approved an upgrade to the Permanent Account Number (PAN) system. This upgrade introduces a QR code feature on PAN cards and also establishes PAN as a common identifier for businesses. The upgrade is part of the PAN 2.0 Project, which will cost Rs. 1,435 crore. Its aim is to completely modernize the current system, which will enhance the digital infrastructure.

27. The Union Cabinet has recently approved the 'One Nation One Subscription' (ONOS) scheme, which aims to enhance access to academic journals for higher education institutions across India. It will streamline journal subscriptions through a single platform managed by INFLIBNET.

28. The Union Cabinet has recently approved Atal Innovation Mission 2.0, which will run until 31^st March 2028. The budget for this phase is set at Rs. 2,750 crore and aims to enhance India's innovation and entrepreneurship landscape. The goal is to create more jobs and innovative products, which will boost India's global competitiveness.

29. Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently addressed a rally in Nashik. He brought into light the Mahayuti government's 'Ladki Bahin Yojana'. This scheme aims to empower underprivileged women in Maharashtra. Modi's remarks came amid the upcoming assembly elections on 20^th November. His speech focused on women's issues, farmer welfare, and infrastructure development.

30. The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has opened applications for the Single Girl Child Merit Scholarship Scheme. This initiative supports female students who are the only child in their families, which offers Rs. 500 per month to selected candidates.

31. The Government of India is launching UDAN 2.0, which aims to improve last-mile air connectivity. It builds on the original UDAN scheme, which started in 2016. The original scheme will continue until 2026. UDAN 2.0 will extend beyond this period, which focuses on over 100 underused airstrips across India.

32. Bhutan is developing the Gelephu Mindfulness City, which is the largest co-operative initiative in the country. Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay expressed gratitude to India for its support. The city spans 2,500 square kilometres and aims to be Zero Carbon, which focuses on mindfulness, sustainability, and harmony.

33. Shri Shivraj Singh Chouhan recently launched the third edition of Nayi Chetna-Pahal Badlaav Ki in New Delhi. This campaign addresses gender-based violence in India, which aims to empower women and enhance their dignity. The initiative marks the government's commitment to women's economic and social development.

34. India will witness the launch of the "Bal Vivah Mukt Bharat" campaign, which aims to eliminate child marriage in the country, will take place at Vigyan Bhawan in New Delhi. Smt. Annapurna Devi, the Union Minister for Women and Child Development, will lead the launch. Smt. Savitri Thakur, the Minister of State for Women and Child Development, will also attend.

35. The "Desh Ka Prakriti Parikshan Abhiyan" is a health awareness initiative by the Ministry of Ayush, which focuses on promoting Ayurveda and understanding individual Ayurvedic Prakriti. The campaign has rapidly gained traction across India.

36. Yuva Sangam Phase 5 commenced on 24^th November 2024, and delegates from Bihar and Andhra Pradesh embarked on journeys to Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh, respectively. This initiative, by the Ministry of Education, encourages unity through cultural exchange, which targets young individuals aged 18 to 30, including students and volunteers.

37. Kerala is set to introduce a new insurance scheme for cattle, which has received approval from the central government. The scheme aims to enhance support for the dairy sector in the state. The state has already implemented various programs to boost the dairy industry. A veterinary ambulance service is now available in all block panchayats.

38. The Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) 2.0 was launched on 1^st October 2021, which aims to enhance the self-sufficiency and water security of Indian cities. The mission focuses on sewerage management, water body restoration, and increasing green spaces. A budget of Rs. 2,99,000 crore has been allocated over five years.

39. The Prime Minister Internship Scheme (PMIS) will launch on 2^nd December 2024, and aims to enhance job opportunities and skills for India's youth. The pilot phase began on 3^rd October 2024, and Selected candidates will receive joining orders on the launch day.

40. Prime Minister Narendra Modi is set to visit Panipat on 9^th December, will launch the "Bima Sakhi Yojana", which aims to empower women across India. Millions of women are expected to benefit from this scheme. Haryana's Chief Minister Nayab Singh Saini announced.

Awards & Honours

1. Rajesh Kumar Singh has recently taken on the role of Defence Secretary in the South Block, New Delhi. His appointment to this high-ranking position marks an important step in his career. Before officially stepping into this role, he served as the Defence Secretary-designate since 20^th August 2024.

2. Duma Boko, from the Umbrella for Democratic Change (UDC), has been announced as Botswana's new president. This is a big change in Botswana's politics, as he replaces the long-ruling Botswana Democratic Party (BDP). Chief Justice Terence Rannowane shared the news on national television.

3. Dr. Jacqueline d'Arros Hughes, who has been leading the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), will soon step into a new role as the Secretary General of the World Agriculture Forum (WAF) in November 2024. This is a major role shift for her and will allow her to use her expertise to promote sustainable farming on a global scale.

4. The seventh session of the International Solar Alliance (ISA) Assembly took place in New Delhi on 5^th November 2024. Mr Ashish Khanna from India was selected as the new Director General. He succeeds Dr Ajay Mathur, who has led the Alliance since 2021. The ISA focuses on promoting solar energy globally, addressing common challenges faced by member countries.

5. Anil Pradhan, a 28-year-old engineer from Odisha, has recently received the Rohini Nayyar Prize. This award recognizes his important contributions to rural development through STEM education. Pradhan is the co-founder of the Young Tinker Foundation. His innovative project, 'Tinker-on-Wheels', has transformed learning experiences for students in rural India.

6. India's philanthropic landscape has witnessed important growth in 2024. The EdelGive-Hurun India philanthropy list reveals a remarkable increase in high-value donations. The number of philanthropists donating over Rs. 100 crore annually has surged from two in 2018 to 18 this year. This trend marks a growing culture of giving among India's wealthiest individuals.

7. The Commonwealth of Dominica has announced an important honour. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi will receive the Dominica Award of Honour. This award recognises his contributions during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also acknowledges his efforts in strengthening India-Dominica relations. The presentation will occur at the upcoming India-CARICOM Summit in Georgetown, Guyana, from 19^th to 21^st November 2024.

8. Nigeria bestowed its highest civilian award upon Prime Minister Narendra Modi, which marked Modi's first official visit to Nigeria. The ceremony took place at Aso Rock Villa in Abuja. President Bola Tinubu presented the award, the Grand Commander of the Order of the Niger (GCON).

9. The Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament, and Development was awarded to Daniel Barenboim and Ali Abu Awwad, which recognizes their important contributions to peace efforts. Barenboim is a renowned classical pianist and conductor, and Awwad is a dedicated Palestinian peace activist.

10. Prime Minister Narendra Modi has been awarded Dominica's highest honour during his visit to Guyana for the India-CARICOM Summit on 20^th November 2024. The award acknowledges his support during the COVID-19 pandemic and his efforts to strengthen India-Dominica relations. The Dominica Award of Honour was presented by President Sylvanie Burton.

11. The Ustad Bismillah Khan Yuva Puraskar will be awarded to young artists, and take place on 22^nd November 2024, which will be held at Dr. Ambedkar International Centre in New Delhi. Union Minister Gajendra Singh Shekhawat will present the awards. The event starts at 11 A.M. Dr Sandhya Purecha will lead the ceremony. She is the Chairman of the Sangeet Natak Akademi. Smt. Uma Nanduri will also attend as Joint Secretary of the Ministry of Culture.

12. Prime Minister Narendra Modi was honored with the Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Global Peace Award, which recognizes his efforts toward inclusive development. It was presented jointly by Washington Adventist University and AIAM. The event took place at the Sligo Seventh-day Adventist Church in Maryland.

13. National Milk Day was celebrated on 26^th November 2024, which took place at the Manekshaw Centre in New Delhi. It marked the 103^rd birth anniversary of Dr. Verghese Kurien, known as the Father of the White Revolution in India. The celebration brought into light the dairy sector's importance to India's economy and nutrition.

14. Yamandu Orsi has been elected as Uruguay's next president, follows a closely contested runoff election, which marks a shift back to centre-left governance after five years of conservative rule.

15. Sjogren's disease is an autoimmune condition, which primarily attacks moisture-producing glands. This leads to symptoms like dry eyes and mouth; many patients suffer for years before diagnosis. Common symptoms include dry eyes and mouth. Patients may experience joint pain and fatigue. Other issues can involve salivary gland swelling.

16. UNAIDS has released a report ahead of World AIDS Day, which emphasises that ending AIDS by 2030 is possible. However, this goal hinges on protecting the rights of individuals affected by HIV. The report is titled Take the Right Path to End AIDS. It puts stress on the vital role of human rights in combating the disease.

Sports

1. Boxer Mandeep Jangra won the World Boxing Federation's super featherweight world title. He achieved this victory by defeating British boxer Conor McIntosh in the Cayman Islands. This win marks an important milestone in Jangra's career.

2. Tanushree Pandey from India won a Silver Medal at the World Soft Tennis Championship. The event took place in Jingshan, China. This achievement marks her skill and determination in the sport. Soft Tennis is a variation of traditional tennis. It uses softer balls and lighter rackets.

3. An important event took place in Ladakh. The Lieutenant Governor, Brigadier (Dr) B. D. Mishra, inaugurated the 4^th LG Horse Polo Cup 2024. This event was held at the Horse Polo Ground in Goshan Drass. It marked a celebration of polo, an important cultural sport in the region.

4. Anish Sarkar, a three-year-old from Kolkata, has recently gained international attention. He has become the youngest chess player ever ranked by the International Chess Federation (FIDE). This milestone follows his participation in various tournaments, showcasing his remarkable talent at an early age.

5. Uttarakhand is witnessing important developments in sports infrastructure. Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami recently inaugurated three major schemes worth Rs. 13.78 crore. These initiatives aim to enhance sports facilities in the region and inspire youth engagement in athletics.

6. Pankaj Advani has made history by winning his 28^th world title. He achieved this remarkable feat at the IBSF World Billiards Championship in Doha. Advani defeated England's Robert Hall with a score of 4-2. This victory marks Advani's seventh consecutive title since 2016. The championship was particularly important as Advani's winning streak endured through the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

7. The Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council (LAHDC) has partnered with the Aditya Mehta Foundation (AMF) to create the world's first high-altitude para sports centre in Leh. The facility will support Indian para-athletes as they prepare for the 2028 Paralympics.

8. Union Minister for Youth Affairs & Sports, Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, has initiated a campaign against doping in sports. He urges athletes and coaches to use the National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA) India's 'Know Your Medicine (KYM)' app. It aims to uphold integrity in sports and promote fair competition.

9. A recent report predicts that India's sports sector could grow to $130 billion by 2030 at an annual rate of 14 percent, which is almost double the growth of India's GDP, driven by increased government investments. A shift towards a multi-sport culture is also evident. Furthermore, the rise of digital platforms is reshaping how fans engage with sports.

10. India is set to host the Global Learning and Development Framework (GLDF) Results Management Training, which will take place in New Delhi. The training is supported by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). The training aims to standardize anti-doping procedures globally, which seeks to encourage collaboration among participating countries. The goal is to enhance fairness in sports.

11. The India Women's Hockey Team recently achieved a milestone and won their third Asian Champions Trophy title. The victory occurred at the Rajgir Hockey Stadium in Bihar. India defeated China with a score of 1-0. This win marked India's second consecutive title in this tournament.

12. Bihar will host the Khelo India Youth Games in April 2025, which marks the state's first time as a host for this prestigious event. The Khelo India Para Games will follow shortly after, with a gap of 10 to 15 days, and this is the first time the Para Games will be held in Bihar.

13. Northeast United Football Club won the 40^th edition of the Governor's Gold Cup defeating Gangtok Himalayan Sporting Club. The final took place at Paljor Stadium, ended in a thrilling penalty shootout. Sixteen teams participated in this year's tournament. Four foreign clubs joined from Nepal, Bhutan, Malaysia, and Dubai.

14. Eight-year-old Divith Reddy from Hyderabad recently achieved a remarkable feat. He won the Under-8 World Cadets Chess Championship. Divith scored 9 out of 11 points. He tied with fellow Indian Sattwik Swain. However, Divith secured the gold medal due to a superior tiebreak score. Sattwik earned the silver medal, while Ziming Guo from China claimed the bronze.

15. The Indian Premier League (IPL) 2025 mega auction took place in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, on 24^th and 25^th November. Held at the Abady Al-Johar Arena, this two-day event provided the 10 IPL teams with the opportunity to rebuild and strengthen their squads for the next three seasons. The IPL mega auction, conducted once every three years, allows teams to refresh their rosters by selecting players from a pool of 577 cricketers, including 367 Indians and 210 overseas players.

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References:
jagranjosh.com
gktoday.in
business-standard.com