Lithosphere MCQ Question and Answer | Geography MCQ Question

Marble is a metamorphic rock that forms when limestone is subjected to the heat and pressure of metamorphism.

All the three are correctly matched. Gneiss : Metamorphic. Gneiss is formed by high temperature and high-pressure metamorphic processes acting on formations composed of igneous or sedimentary rocks. Granite : Igneous. Granite is a light-colored igneous rock with grains large enough to be visible with the unaided eye. Sandstone : Sedimentary. Sandstone is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments.

Limestone, Dolomite and Coal are the examples of the sedimentary rocks. Organic sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation of any animal or plant debris such as shells and bones. These plant and animal debris have calcium minerals in them that pile on the sea floor over time to form organic sedimentary rocks. Examples include rocks such as coal, some limestone, and some dolomites.

Soil particle by size in the descending order are Gravel, Sand, Silt and Clay.

I. This statement is incorrect. Igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of molten material (magma or lava) from within the Earth's crust. While they are formed at high temperatures, they do not necessarily form under great pressure.
II. This statement is correct. Igneous rocks do not occur in layers like sedimentary rocks. They form when molten material cools and solidifies, often resulting in a more uniform composition and structure.
III. This statement is correct. Igneous rocks are mostly crystalline in nature because they form from the solidification of molten material, allowing mineral crystals to grow and develop.
IV. This statement is incorrect. Igneous rocks do not typically contain fossils. Fossils are more commonly found in sedimentary rocks where the preservation of organic materials occurs.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option C, which means only Statements II and III are true with regard to igneous rocks.

The Alps, the Himalayas, and the Caucasus Mountains are all formed due to the collision of continental plates, a process known as orogeny.

The Alps were formed by the collision between the African Plate and the Eurasian Plate, resulting in the uplift of these mountains in Europe.

The Himalayas arose from the collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate, creating the highest mountain range in the world.

The Caucasus Mountains were formed due to the collision between the Arabian Plate and the Eurasian Plate, located between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea.

The Rockies, however, were primarily formed by a different process involving the subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the North American Plate, not a direct continent-continent collision. Thus, they do not fit the criteria of this question.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option C: 1, 2 and 4, as these mountain ranges are directly linked to continental plate collisions.

"Terra Rossa" is a Latin word means Red Landscape. When weathering of limestone rock takes place the clay contained in the rocks are left behind and this red clay soil is termed as "Terra Rossa". This type of red soil is also produced by weathering of dolomite rock.

The denudational processes have not reduced the land masses to a level because the earth movements have uplifted the landmass. Denudation is an erosive process of breaking and removing the rocks from the surface of the earth. It is the wearing away of the terrestrial land by weathering, erosion, moving water, ice waves. Denudation is the result of two main processes, Endogenous and exogenous.

Takla Makan Desert is China's largest desert, situated in the middle of the largest Basin, Tarim in Xinjiang Province. This is reputed to be the world's second largest shifting-sand desert covering an area of over 33, 700 square kilometers (over 13,000 square miles).

Slope of the land and management practice like terracing influences the erosion of soil by water. Terracing is one of the oldest means of saving soil and water.