Lithosphere MCQ Question and Answer | Geography MCQ Question

A caldera is a volcanic feature formed by the collapse of a volcano into itself, making it a large, special form of volcanic crater. A caldera collapse is usually triggered by the emptying of the magma chamber beneath the volcano, as the result of a large volcanic eruption.

Synclines and anticlines are the terms associated with folding. The most basic types of folds are anticlines and synclines. Imagine a rug, the sides of which have been pushed toward each other forming ridges and valleys – the ridges are “up” folds and the valleys are “down” folds.

Tsunami are the seismic sea waves which reach to coast at a very high force. A tsunami is a series of large waves generated by an abrupt movement on the ocean floor that can result from an earthquake, an underwater landslide, a volcanic eruption or - very rarely - a large meteorite strike.

Java - Merapi. Mount Merapi, Indonesian Gunung Merapi, volcanic mountain peak located near the centre of the island of Java, Indonesia.

Soil erosion can be prevented by growing plants on a large scale to form soil cover. Soil cover with living plants (soil can also be covered with mulch) protects the soil surface from rain, wind and sun. It reduces soil erosion and protects the fertile topsoil, thus preventing the silting of rivers and lakes.

The features produced by glacial deposition are outwash plains, drumlins and eskers. Eskers- A long, skinny ridge of gravel deposited by a stream in or under a decaying glacial ice sheet. Outwash plain- A plain formed by glacial sediments that were deposited at the end of a glacier. They are found in glaciated areas.

Aswan Dam in the Africa has been used to create one of world's biggest artificial lake known as Nasser lake. It is located on the mouth of the Nile river.

The following that are true with respect to sedimentary rocks are that the rocks are deposited in layers, the particles of rocks are at times wholly of organic nature and the rocks are not crystalline.

Shield volcanoes are formed by lava flows of low viscosity - lava that flows easily. Consequently, a volcanic mountain having a broad profile is built up over time by flow after flow of relatively fluid basaltic lava issuing from vents or fissures on the surface of the volcano.

Focus is the actual point below the surface of the earth where an earthquake originates and epicenter is a point directly above it, and it lies on the surface of the earth.