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Environmental Geology and Sustainability MCQs Questions & Answers | Geological Engineering

Learn and practice multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers related to Environmental Geology and Sustainability. These resources are available for Geological engineering students who wish to clear GATE exams, technical interviews, competitive examinations, and other entrance exams. The Environmental Geology and Sustainability chapter is particularly important for students studying Geological engineering. Page-4 section-1

Each section contains 100 MCQs on Environmental Geology and Sustainability .
31
Which type of mining has the least surface environmental impact?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Underground mining disturbs less surface area.However, it has other risks like subsidence and ventilation issues.
32
What does the term �carrying capacity� refer to in environmental geology?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Carrying capacity is the limit to how many organisms or people an environment can sustain.Exceeding it causes resource depletion and environmental damage.
33
Which technology helps in detecting underground contamination?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
GPR uses radar pulses to image subsurface features.It can detect underground cavities and contaminant plumes.
34
What is the primary purpose of soil testing before construction?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Soil testing assesses bearing capacity, compressibility, and other properties.This ensures safe and effective foundation design.
35
Which of the following practices helps reduce geological hazards during urban development?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Avoiding construction in hazard zones reduces risks of landslides, floods, and earthquakes.Proper planning and engineering can mitigate hazards.
36
What is the most common source of urban groundwater contamination?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Domestic sewage leakage often seeps into groundwater in urban areas due to faulty septic systems and sewer lines.This leads to contamination with pathogens and nutrients.
37
Which of the following is a non-renewable resource that environmental geology focuses on preserving?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are non-renewable.Environmental geology studies their extraction impacts and conservation.
38
Acid mine drainage primarily results from the oxidation of which mineral?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Pyrite (FeS?) oxidizes when exposed to air and water, producing sulfuric acid.This acid drains from mines causing severe environmental pollution.
39
What is the main environmental concern with hydraulic fracturing ("fracking")?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Fracking fluids and methane can contaminate groundwater.This raises concerns about drinking water safety and ecosystem health.
40
What role does a geological engineer play in landfill site selection?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Sites with impermeable layers prevent leachate from contaminating groundwater.This is crucial to safe landfill design and environmental protection.