21. Which of the following processes can cause a tsunami besides earthquakes? A. Mountain formation B. Volcanic eruptions under the sea C. Cloud formation D. Solar flares Answer & Solution Discuss in Board Save for Later Answer & Solution Answer: Option B Solution: Undersea volcanic eruptions can displace water columns and generate tsunamis similar to undersea earthquakes.
22. Which statement is true about aftershocks? A. They are always larger than the main shock B. They occur before the main quake C. They can cause additional damage D. They are caused by storms Answer & Solution Discuss in Board Save for Later Answer & Solution Answer: Option C Solution: Aftershocks are smaller tremors following the main earthquake, but can still cause significant damage, especially to weakened structures.
23. The term "fault" in geology refers to: A. Crack in a mineral B. Joint in sedimentary rocks C. Fracture in Earth's crust with displacement D. River channel Answer & Solution Discuss in Board Save for Later Answer & Solution Answer: Option C Solution: A fault is a fracture along which movement has occurred in Earth's crust, often responsible for earthquakes.
24. The process of slope failure in permafrost regions due to thawing is called: A. Gelifluction B. Frost heave C. Subsidence D. Talus creep Answer & Solution Discuss in Board Save for Later Answer & Solution Answer: Option A Solution: Gelifluction involves the slow downslope flow of water-saturated soil over permafrost, triggered by seasonal thawing.
25. Which of the following is NOT considered a geological hazard? A. Volcanic activity B. Flooding C. Earthquake D. Tornado Answer & Solution Discuss in Board Save for Later Answer & Solution Answer: Option D Solution: Tornadoes are atmospheric hazards, not geological.Volcanoes, earthquakes, and landslides are geological.
26. Which instrument records ground displacement caused by earthquakes? A. Gyroscope B. Seismograph C. Tensiometer D. Clinometer Answer & Solution Discuss in Board Save for Later Answer & Solution Answer: Option B Solution: A seismograph records the motion of the ground due to seismic waves.It is essential in earthquake monitoring and analysis.
27. Which hazard often accompanies a major earthquake in coastal regions? A. Forest fire B. Flood C. Tsunami D. Glacial surge Answer & Solution Discuss in Board Save for Later Answer & Solution Answer: Option C Solution: Coastal earthquakes can cause sudden seafloor displacement, leading to tsunamis which impact coastal communities.
28. The buildup of stress along a fault line eventually leads to: A. Surface erosion B. Earthquake C. Volcano formation D. Mountain uplift Answer & Solution Discuss in Board Save for Later Answer & Solution Answer: Option B Solution: Stress buildup at fault lines is relieved suddenly as an earthquake when the rock breaks and slips.
29. Debris flows are more dangerous than regular landslides because they: A. Contain more water and move faster B. Are easier to predict C. Occur only in dry regions D. Never impact infrastructure Answer & Solution Discuss in Board Save for Later Answer & Solution Answer: Option A Solution: Debris flows are high-density mixtures of water, soil, and rock that flow rapidly, often down channels.They are fast and destructive.
30. The process by which groundwater dissolves limestone leading to underground voids is: A. Erosion B. Chemical weathering C. Karstification D. Stratification Answer & Solution Discuss in Board Save for Later Answer & Solution Answer: Option C Solution: Karstification is the chemical weathering process in which acidic water dissolves soluble rocks like limestone, forming caves and sinkholes.
