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Geological Hazards MCQs Questions & Answers | Geological Engineering

Learn and practice multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers related to Geological Hazards. These resources are available for Geological engineering students who wish to clear GATE exams, technical interviews, competitive examinations, and other entrance exams. The Geological Hazards chapter is particularly important for students studying Geological engineering. Page-7 section-1

61
Which type of wave causes the most destruction during an earthquake?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option D
Solution:
Rayleigh waves move in a rolling motion and affect the ground surface significantly.They are responsible for much of the shaking felt during earthquakes and cause severe structural damage.
62
Liquefaction during earthquakes is more likely in:
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Loose sandy soils saturated with water are most susceptible to liquefaction.During shaking, these soils lose strength and behave like a liquid, leading to ground failure.
63
What is the primary cause of subsidence in urban areas?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Mining activities like underground excavation cause voids, leading to subsidence of the ground above.Improperly backfilled or abandoned mines are particularly risky.
64
Tsunami warning systems are primarily based on detection of:
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Seismic activity and sea level changes are key indicators used in tsunami warning systems.Seismographs and tide gauges help detect potential tsunami events.
65
Which of the following hazards can result from a volcanic eruption?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Lahar is a volcanic mudflow composed of pyroclastic material and water.It flows down slopes and valleys, often following river channels.
66
A major landslide-prone region in India is:
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option D
Solution:
Himalayas are highly prone to landslides due to steep slopes, tectonic activity, and heavy rainfall.Frequent earthquakes further increase the risk.
67
Which of the following is NOT a common trigger for landslides?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option D
Solution:
Wind erosion does not typically trigger landslides.Rainfall and earthquakes are the main initiators, especially when slopes are saturated.
68
Which scale measures the magnitude of an earthquake?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Richter scale measures the magnitude (energy release) of an earthquake.It is logarithmic in nature.
69
Which volcanic hazard is composed mainly of water and volcanic ash?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Lahar is a fast-moving slurry of volcanic ash, debris, and water.It can travel great distances and bury settlements.
70
The term 'aftershock' refers to:
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Aftershocks are smaller earthquakes occurring after the main shock.They can continue for days to months and cause additional damage.