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Geomorphology and Surface Processes MCQs Questions & Answers | Geological Engineering

Learn and practice multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers related to Geomorphology and Surface Processes. These resources are available for Geological engineering students who wish to clear GATE exams, technical interviews, competitive examinations, and other entrance exams. The Geomorphology and Surface Processes chapter is particularly important for students studying Geological engineering. Page-6 section-1

51
What is the characteristic shape of a glacial valley?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
A U-shaped valley is formed by glacial erosion as glaciers widen and deepen river valleys.It has steep sides and a flat floor.
52
What is a drumlin?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
A drumlin is an elongated hill formed under glacial ice by the reshaping of till.Its tapered end points in the direction of glacial movement.
53
What is the term for steep, pyramid-like peaks formed by glacial erosion from several sides?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option D
Solution:
A horn is a sharp peak formed when multiple glaciers erode a mountain from different directions.Example: Matterhorn in the Alps.
54
Which term refers to the top of a water-saturated zone in soil or rock?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
The water table is the upper level of the saturated zone of groundwater.It fluctuates with rainfall, seasons, and extraction.
55
What causes a braided river pattern to develop?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Braided rivers form where sediment load is high and water discharge fluctuates, leading to multiple shallow channels divided by bars.
56
What kind of landform is a cirque?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
A cirque is an amphitheater-like depression carved by glacial erosion at the head of a glacier.It's where a glacier originates.
57
What is the main difference between an alluvial fan and a delta?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Alluvial fans form on land at the base of mountains, while deltas form where rivers enter standing water like oceans or lakes.
58
Which of the following terms refers to the process of wind lifting and removing fine particles?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Deflation is the process where wind removes loose fine particles from the surface, lowering the land.It contributes to desert pavement formation.
59
What geomorphological feature is formed due to lateral erosion of rivers?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
A meander is formed when lateral erosion by a river creates bends in the channel, common in mature river stages.
60
What is the term for a steep slope or cliff formed by river downcutting in resistant rock?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option D
Solution:
A gorge is a deep, narrow valley with steep rocky walls, formed by a river cutting through resistant rock.It's often associated with waterfalls.