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Remote Sensing and GIS in Geological Engineering MCQs Questions & Answers | Geological Engineering

Learn and practice multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers related to Remote Sensing and GIS in Geological Engineering. These resources are available for Geological engineering students who wish to clear GATE exams, technical interviews, competitive examinations, and other entrance exams. The Remote Sensing and GIS in Geological Engineering chapter is particularly important for students studying Geological engineering. Page-4 section-1

31
Which remote sensing method uses the principle of emitting sound waves and recording their echoes?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
SONAR (Sound Navigation and Ranging) uses sound waves to detect underwater objects and topography.It is distinct from LiDAR and Radar which use light and microwaves respectively.
32
In GIS, the term 'attribute data' refers to:
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Attribute data provides detailed information about spatial features, such as soil type, land use, or rock properties.This complements the spatial location data.
33
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using remote sensing in geological engineering?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Remote sensing cannot directly detect underground minerals in real-time.It provides indirect clues but requires ground truthing and other methods.
34
What is the typical use of thermal infrared remote sensing in geological engineering?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Thermal infrared detects heat anomalies which helps locate geothermal activity such as hot springs or volcanic areas.This aids in hazard assessment and resource exploration.
35
Which GIS tool helps to analyze the flow direction and accumulation of water over a terrain?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Hydrological modeling uses DEM data to simulate water flow direction and accumulation.This is important for flood risk assessment and drainage design.
36
What is the principle of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) in remote sensing?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
SAR sends microwave pulses and processes the returned signals to generate detailed images regardless of weather or lighting.Widely used in terrain and deformation studies.
37
What type of GIS analysis is used to combine two or more spatial data layers?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Overlay analysis allows the combination of multiple layers (like soil and slope maps) to assess relationships and support decision-making.
38
Which of the following best describes the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI)?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
NDWI helps in identifying surface water by contrasting near-infrared and green spectral bands.This aids in flood mapping and water resource management.
39
What is the function of GPS in geological engineering projects?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
GPS (Global Positioning System) provides precise geographic coordinates used for mapping and site investigation.It is essential for data georeferencing and field navigation.
40
Which resolution type in remote sensing determines the frequency at which data is collected over the same area?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Temporal resolution refers to how often a satellite revisits or acquires data from the same location.High temporal resolution supports monitoring changes over time.