In metal semiconductor contacts, the Schottky effect is the image force induced lowering of the potential energy for charge carrier emission when an electric field is applied. This image force is:
A. $$\frac{{{q^2}}}{{16\pi {\varepsilon _0}{x^2}}}$$
B. $$\frac{{ - {q^2}}}{{16\pi {\varepsilon _0}{x^2}}}$$
C. $$\frac{{ - {q^2}}}{{4\pi {\varepsilon _0}{x^2}}}$$
D. $$\frac{{{q^2}}}{{4\pi {\varepsilon _0}{x^2}}}$$
Answer: Option B
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