Plant breeds manipulate sterility and floral morphology to take advantage of hybrid vigour.
Which of the basic methods listed below are utilised for this purpose?
1. Genetic male sterility
2. Self-incompatibility
3. Hybridization
4. Induced mutation
5. Cytoplasmic male sterility
Select the correct answer:

Solution(By Examveda Team)

Plant breeds manipulate sterility and floral morphology to take advantage of hybrid vigour.
The basic methods that are listed below are utilized for this purpose:
1. Genetic male sterility- Genic male sterility (GMS) has emerged as an ideal tool to accelerate hybrid breeding. It is the impairment of male reproductive development as a result of underlying genetic causes and leads to the malformation of male gametes and/or pollen.
2. Self-incompatibility- Self-incompatibility (SI) is defined as the inability to produce zygotes after self-pollination in a fertile hermaphrodite plant, which has stamens and pistils in the same flower.
5. Cytoplasmic male sterility- a condition under which a plant is unable to produce functional pollen, is widespread among higher plants. CMS systems represent a valuable tool in the production of hybrid seeds.