Raise is usually driven:

Solution (By Examveda Team)

Definition of Raise:
A raise in mining is a vertical or steeply inclined underground opening that is driven upward from a lower level to a higher level. It is commonly used to connect different levels of a mine, facilitate ventilation, provide ore transfer routes, or create access between working areas.

Correct Answer: Option C: Upward from a lower level
The correct answer is Option C: Upward from a lower level because a raise is specifically driven upward from an existing underground level. It is created by drilling and blasting upward through the rock, or using mechanical raise-boring methods.

Raises are essential for a variety of functions in a mine, including:
• Ventilation raises to circulate fresh air
• Ore passes to transfer broken ore to lower levels
• Manways to allow personnel movement between levels

The construction of a raise requires careful planning and safety measures due to the challenges of working in an upward direction, including rock fall risk and ventilation constraints.

Explanation of Other Options:
Option A: Downward from the surface
Driving downward from the surface creates a shaft, not a raise.

Option B: Horizontal from shaft
A horizontal opening driven from a shaft is called a drift or crosscut, not a raise.

Option D: Vertical from adit
An opening driven vertically from an adit would typically be a shaft or winze, depending on the direction, but it is not classified as a raise unless it is driven upward from a lower level.

Conclusion:
Therefore, the correct answer is Option C: Upward from a lower level, as this accurately describes the standard direction and purpose of driving a raise in underground mining operations.