Which of the following is not considered to be a basic element of an enterprise-class database system?

Solution (By Examveda Team)

Option A: Users
Users are indeed a basic element of an enterprise-class database system. They interact with the database to perform various operations such as querying, updating, and managing the data. Users include database administrators, developers, and end-users who utilize the system for various tasks.

Option B: Database applications
Database applications are essential components of an enterprise-class database system. These applications provide the interface through which users interact with the database. They include tools and software designed to perform specific functions like data entry, retrieval, and reporting. Database applications facilitate the efficient use of the database system by end-users.

Option C: DBMS
DBMS (Database Management System) is the core component of an enterprise-class database system. It is the software that manages the database, handles data storage, retrieval, and updates, and ensures data integrity and security. Without a DBMS, it would be challenging to manage and utilize large volumes of data effectively.

Option D: COBOL programs
COBOL programs are not considered a basic element of an enterprise-class database system. COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) is a programming language used primarily in business, finance, and administrative systems for companies and governments. While COBOL programs can interact with databases, they are not a fundamental part of the database system itself. They are just one of many possible applications that may access the database.

Conclusion: The correct answer is Option D: COBOL programs because they are not a basic element of an enterprise-class database system. Instead, they are applications that may use the database but are not fundamental components like users, database applications, and the DBMS.