A firm, having a cost of capital of 12%, evaluates a small mining project of initial investment of Rs. 100 lakhs. For the benefits shown in the table below, the benefit-cost ratio of the project is

Year	1	2	3	4
Benefits (Rs. in lakhs)	25	40	40	50

A coal mine receives two bids for purchase of a new dragline. The first bid quotes Rs. 150 crore as a price to be paid in full on delivery. The second bid quotes Rs. 180 crore as a price payable at the end of the third year after delivery. If the discount rate is 12%, the difference in NPV between the first and second bids in crore of rupees is

A person borrows a sum of Rs. 50,000 @ 6% interest rate for 10 years. Determine the equal annual sum to be paid at the end of each year to repay the loan.

The probability distribution of the outcome of an investment is

Outcome (Rs.)	1000	700	300
Probability	0.2	0.5	0.3

The expected rate of return is

Hoskold's formula is used for