Direct conversion of heat into electric power is possible through
A. fuel cell
B. batteries
C. thermionic converter
D. all of the above
Answer: Option C
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A thermionic converter consists of a hot electrode which thermionically emits electrons over a potential energy barrier to a cooler electrode, producing a useful electric power output. Caesium vapor is used to optimize the electrode work functions and provide an ion supply (by surface ionization or electron impact ionization in a plasma) to neutralize the electron space charge.