Each site (or node) in a distributed system is subject to the same types of failure as in a centralized system.

Solution (By Examveda Team)

In a distributed system, each site or node is subject to the same types of failure as in a centralized system, including hardware failures, software failures, network failures, and human errors.

Option A: True
This option correctly states that each site or node in a distributed system can experience various types of failures similar to those encountered in a centralized system. These failures can include hardware failures such as disk crashes or memory errors, software failures such as bugs or crashes in the operating system or application software, network failures such as link failures or packet loss, and human errors such as misconfiguration or accidental data deletion. Dealing with these failures is essential for ensuring the reliability, availability, and fault tolerance of the distributed system.

Option B: False
This option incorrectly suggests that distributed systems are immune to certain types of failures or have different failure characteristics compared to centralized systems. However, distributed systems face many of the same challenges and vulnerabilities as centralized systems, and failure management is a critical aspect of distributed system design and operation.

Therefore, in the context of failures in distributed systems compared to centralized systems, the correct option is True (Option A).