Principle: When a criminal act is done by several persons in furtherance of the common intention of all, each of such persons is liable for that act in the same manner as if it were done by him alone.
Factual Situation: A, B, C and D who were unemployed, decided to loot the house of a rich businessman one night. When all of them were about to jump the Compound wall, D decided to remain at the gate and warn them, in case of any problem. A, B and C entered the house and took cash and gold ornaments. While coming out of the house B tripped on a rubber hose pipe creating a sound. By this the watchman who had otherwise asleep woke up. B suddenly took the rubber hose and strangled the watchman's neck thus killing him. Later all A, B, C and D were arrested and prosecuted.

A. A, B, C and D are all liable for the robbery. B in addition, is liable for the murder of the Watchman as murdering anyone was not in their plan

B. A, B and C are all liable for the robbery. B in addition, is liable for the murder of the Watchman. D is innocent of both the crimes as he was only guarding at the gate and did not participate in the crimes

C. A, B, C and D are all liable for the robbery and murder of the Watchman as it was done in order to carry out their common plan

D. A, B and C are liable for the robbery and murder of the Watchman as it was in fulfillment of their common plan. D is innocent as he did not participate in any of the crimes

Answer: Option C