Agricultural Entomology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Malathion insecticide is safely recommended on vegetables.
Malathion is a man-made organophosphate insecticide that is commonly used to control mosquitoes and a variety of insects that attack fruits, vegetables, landscaping plants and shrubs.
It can also be found in other pesticide products used indoors and on pets to control ticks and insects, such as fleas and ants.

In a paddy field, some tillers show round onion leaf-like silvery shoots in place of a normal ear head. This abnormality is caused by Gall midge.
Rice gall midge is a pest of paddy crop, causing a tubular gall at the base of tillers, causing elongation of leaf sheaths called onion leaf or silver shoot. The population density of the rice gall midge is favoured mainly by cloudy or rainy weather.
It causes formation of a tube-like gall that is similar to an "onion leaf" or "Silver-shoot". Infested tillers produce no panicles.

Nematospora gossypii bacteria is responsible for the staining of the cotton fibre.
The bacterium Nematospora gossypii enters the site of injury and stains the fibre.
The adult is a red and black bug with white stripes ventrally on the abdomen. The eggs are laid in loose masses in the soil. The fecundity of the bug is 100 - 130.

The appearance of root knots in mulberry is due to Nematodes.
The pathogenic nematode overwinters in the affected roots. During the following spring, the second stage larva infests the mulberry roots and causes the formation of root knots. The root-knot nematode moves slowly in the soil, thus by their active movement the spread of disease is limited.

Melathion belongs to the group of Orangophosphide.
Malathion is an organophosphate insecticide that acts as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.
It is a pesticide that is widely used in agriculture, residential landscaping, public recreation areas, and in public health pest control programs such as mosquito eradication.
Malathion is produced by the addition of dimethyl dithiophosphoric acid to diethyl maleate or diethyl fumarate.

Understanding White Grub Damage
Let's break down why the correct answer is (C) Larva.

White Grubs: The Basics
White grubs are the larvae of scarab beetles.
Think of a beetle's life cycle: egg -> larva -> pupa -> adult.

Why Larva is the Damaging Stage
The larval stage (grub) is when they live in the soil and feed on plant roots.
This feeding is what causes the significant damage to crops and lawns.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect
* Option A: Nymph and adult: Insects do not have nymph stage.
* Option B: Grub and adult: While adults might feed a little, their feeding is minimal compared to the grubs.
The grub stage is the primary damaging stage.
* Option D: Only adult: The adults of some scarab beetles may cause minor damage by feeding on foliage.
The real problem is the grubs feeding on roots.

Therefore, the answer is (C) Larva because the larva (grub) is the stage that causes the most significant damage by feeding on plant roots.

The optimum moisture content required for the storage of food grain is 10%.
Dried to the safe storage moisture level of 10 - 12% for food grains and 7 - 9% for oil seeds (on a wet basis) for a safe storage period of 6 - 12 months.
Grains are stored in defined units such as bags, silos, warehouses, containers and even in piles on the ground.

Central Insecticides Laboratory (CIL) is located in Faridabad.
Pesticides are indispensable inputs for sustaining the agricultural production of the country. The Central and State Governments have endeavored to ensure the availability of quality pesticides to the farming community.
The Central Insecticide Laboratory (CIL) was established under section 16 of the Insecticides Act, 1968 on 28^th February 1981, by Gazette Notification. This Laboratory is a referral Laboratory that analyzes Pesticides Samples received from different Courts of Law/Govt. authority under Insecticides Act, 1968 and Insecticides Rules, 1971.

The insecticide which is being opposed by environmentalists is Endosulphan.
Endosulfan is an off-patent organochlorine insecticide and acaricide that is being phased out globally. It became a highly controversial agrichemical due to its acute toxicity, the potential for bioaccumulation, and role as an endocrine disruptor.
Because of its threats to human health and the environment, a global ban on the manufacture and use of endosulfan was negotiated under the Stockholm Convention in April 2011.

Dagger nematode is Xiphinema.
Nematodes of the genus Xiphinema, commonly called dagger nematodes, parasitize plants.
Dagger nematodes are ectoparasitic, which means that all stages, except eggs, attack, and feed on the roots of the host plants. The nematode inserts its long stylet deep into the root while the body remains outside the root, in the soil. The stylet punctures cell walls as it penetrates plant tissues.