Environmental Science In Agricultural MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Nitrogen fixation is Nitrogen ⟶ Ammonia and Nitrogen ⟶ Nitrates.
Nitrogen fixation or Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF) is a chemical process by which molecular nitrogen (N₂), which has a strong triple covalent bond, is converted into ammonia (NH₃) or related nitrogenous compounds like nitrates.
The production of the nitrogenase complex is genetically regulated, and the activity of the protein complex is dependent on ambient oxygen concentrations, intracellular and extracellular concentrations of ammonia and oxidized nitrogen species (nitrate and nitrite).

Biosphere extends from ocean bottom to mountain tops to a distance of 22.5 km.
The biosphere is the global ecological system integrating all living beings including their interaction with the elements of lithosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.
Life forms live in every part of the Earth's biosphere, including soil, hot springs, inside rocks, deep underground, and high in the atmosphere.

The major pollutants/parts in petrol-based vehicles are Fuel tank, Crankcase and Carburetor.
The crankcase is formed by the portion of the cylinder block below the cylinder bores and the stamped or cast metal oil pan that forms the lower enclosure of the engine and also serves as a lubricating oil reservoir or sump.
Carburetor, also spelled carburettor, device for supplying a spark-ignition engine with a mixture of fuel and air. Components of carburetors usually include a storage chamber for liquid fuel, a choke, an idling jet, a main jet, a venturi-shaped air-flow restriction, and an accelerator pump.

One hectare of good forest picks up nearly 30,000 kg of CO₂ and releases 10,000 kg of O₂ respectively.
With a spacing between lines of 3 meters and a spacing of plants within a line of 3 meters, a planting density of 1,111 trees can be planted in a hectare, which utilizes a huge amount of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and at the same time release good amount of oxygen.

The important categories of solid waste are Municipal wastes, Industrial wastes and Hazardous wastes.
A solid waste is defined as any discarded material that is abandoned by being disposed of, burned or incinerated, recycled or considered "waste-like.
It is the unwanted or useless solid materials generated from human activities in residential, industrial or commercial areas. It may be categorized in three ways. According to its origin as domestic, industrial, commercial, construction or institutional.

Natural sink of stratospheric ozone is Freons.
Freons is a registered trademark of the Chemours Company and generic descriptor for several halocarbon products. They are stable, nonflammable, low-toxicity gases or liquids which have generally been used as refrigerants and as aerosol propellants.
Freons are chlorofluorocarbon compounds that containcontain only carbon, chlorine, and fluorine, produced as a volatile derivative of methane, ethane and propane. These include the chlorofluorocarbons that cause ozone depletion and HCFCs.

Ozone layer of upper atmosphere is being destroyed by Chlorofluorocarbon.
In 1976, atmospheric research revealed that the ozone layer was being depleted by chemicals released by industry, mainly chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
Gaseous CFCs can deplete the ozone layer when they slowly rise into the stratosphere, are broken down by strong ultraviolet radiation, release chlorine atoms, and then react with ozone molecules.

Decreased rainfall in northern areas is due to deforestation in evaporating areas near equator.
Deforestation also contributes to decreased evapotranspiration, which lessens atmospheric moisture which in some cases affects precipitation levels downwind from the deforested area, as water is not recycled to downwind forests, but is lost in runoff and returns directly to the oceans.
According to one study, in deforested north and northwest China, the average annual precipitation decreased by one third between the 1950s and the 1980s.

The most effective in warming atmosphere is CO₂.
Greenhouse gases like CO₂ absorb some of the heat that the Earth radiates after it warms from sunlight. Larger amounts of these gases trap more heat in Earth's lower atmosphere, causing global warming. Global warming would reach 2.1°C to 3.5°C, and 3.3°C to 5.7°C under the very high GHG emissions scenario.

Among the following Sand particles are chemically inert.
Sand is a granular material composed of finely divided mineral particles. Sand has various compositions but is defined by its grain size.
The most common constituent of sand, in inland continental settings and non-tropical coastal settings, is silica, usually in the form of quartz, which, because of its chemical inertness and considerable hardness, is the most common mineral resistant to weathering.