For vigour test Paper piercing method was proposed by

For vigour test, the Paper piercing method was proposed by Fritz, in 1965.
Seed vigour is an important quality parameter that needs to be assessed to supplement germination and viability tests to gain insight into the performance of a seed lot in the field or storage.
The principle of the paper piercing test is similar to that of the brick gravel test. High vigour seed lots are expected to produce strong seedlings which can pierce a particular type of paper while seedlings of poor vigour lots may not be able to pierce the paper. Therefore, the seedlings which emerge by piercing the paper.