Match the following columns:

Column I	Column II
a. Nitrate-N	1. Eutrophication
b. Nitrous oxide	2. Methemo-globin emia
c. Nitrogen and phosphorus	3. Ozone layer
d. Cadmium as contaminant in zinc and phosphatic fertilizers	4. Heart and kidney disease

Solution (By Examveda Team)

a. Nitrate-N causes Methemo-globinemia.
Drinking water with high nitrate can cause a potentially fatal disorder called methemoglobinemia. Methemoglobinemia is a condition in which more than one percent of the hemoglobin in red blood cells takes the form of methemoglobin.
b. Nitrous oxide affects the Ozone layer.
Air pollution in the form of Nitrogen oxides (NO_x) can harm the ozone layer which protects the surface of the Earth from harmful radiation.
c. Nitrogen and phosphorus lead to Eutrophication.
An overabundance of nutrients-primarily nitrogen and phosphorus-in water starts a process called eutrophication. Algae feed on the nutrients, growing, spreading, and turning the water green.
d. Cadmium as a contaminant in Zinc and Phosphatic fertilizers causes Heart and Kidney disease.
Cadmium has been associated with kidney disease, bone disease and cardiovascular disease. With chronic exposure, cadmium accumulates in the epithelial cells of the proximal tubule, resulting in a generalized reabsorptive dysfunction characterized by polyuria and low-molecular-weight proteinuria.