The circulation or cycling of elements in an ecosystem is known as

The circulation or cycling of elements in an ecosystem is known as Bio-geochemical cycling.
A biogeochemical cycle is a pathway by which a chemical substance cycles the biotic and abiotic compartments of Earth. The biotic compartment is the biosphere and the abiotic compartments are the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere.
Biogeochemical cycles always involve active equilibrium states: a balance in the cycling of the element between compartments. However, overall balance may involve compartments distributed on a global scale.