Which of the following is must to determine the climate?

The geometry of the earth-atmosphere system must determine the climate.
Earth's climate system is a complex system having five interacting components: the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the cryosphere, the lithosphere and the biosphere.
The position of the continents determines the geometry of the oceans and therefore influences patterns of ocean circulation. The locations of the seas are important in controlling the transfer of heat and moisture across the globe, and therefore, in determining global climate.