A pantograph is a mechanism with

Definition:
A pantograph is a mechanical linkage connected in a specific manner based on parallelogram geometry. It is used to copy, scale, or reproduce motion and drawings. When one point of the pantograph is moved, the other point replicates the motion in a scaled form, either enlarged or reduced.

Correct Answer: Option A – Lower pairs

Explanation:
In a pantograph mechanism, all the joints are of the revolute type (turning pairs), where the links are connected by pins. These connections are examples of lower pairs, because they involve surface contact and allow rotational motion about fixed axes.

Lower pairs are characterized by surface contact between the connected links, such as in turning (revolute) or sliding (prismatic) joints. Since a pantograph only uses such revolute joints, it qualifies as a mechanism made entirely of lower pairs.

Why other options are incorrect:
Option B: Higher pairs – Higher pairs involve line or point contact, such as in cam-follower or gear mechanisms. These are not present in a pantograph.
Option C: Rolling pairs – These involve rolling contact, like in a wheel on a surface. Pantographs do not involve rolling motion.
Option D: Turning pairs – While it is true that pantographs consist of turning pairs, this is a subset of lower pairs. Therefore, the more accurate and inclusive answer is Option A.

Conclusion:
A pantograph is composed entirely of lower pairs, specifically turning (revolute) pairs, making Option A the correct answer.