Agronomy MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Downy mildew which is also known as 'Green Ear' is one of the destructive diseases of foliage like Bajra which is caused by fungus. The specific fungal organism responsible for its cause is Sclerospora graminicola. It is a soil-borne disease but spread through airborne spores of the fungus. Wet leaves in humid weather act as the most favorable spot for its infection.

Essential nutrients are those that any organism is unable to produce within itself and need from outer environmental sources for its proper functioning of biochemical pathways. But there are some basic criteria to make any element essential for any plant type and these criteria were proposed by Arnon and Stout in 1939. And according to them, there are 16 elements essential for the proper growth and development of the plant.

ICRISAT is the intergovernmental organization that stands for International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics and was formed in the year 1972. It is headquartered in Patancheru, Hyderabad (Telangana), and works under the parent organization CGAIR (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research). Its mission is to reduce poverty, hunger, malnutrition, and environmental degradation in the drylands.

Plants produce carbohydrates i.e. their food and energy in green leaves by the process of photosynthesis which is transported by the phloem tissues to all parts of the plant but the main element which is essential for its translocation is Boron. Boron plays a vital role in plant metabolic activities.

Trichoderma viridiae is a type of fungus that can block the life cycle of many pathogens and most specifically various other fungi that is the reason which makes it an amazing biological control agent against various pathogens that leads to its exploitation on a commercial level. It is a free-living fungus that grows mainly on the roots area of the plant present in the soil, it enhances the fertility of the soil, boosts plant growth and protects the plants from various pathogens.

The Law of minimum is the theory proposed by Justus von Liebig, a German Scientist, which means that among all 16 essential nutrients if any one of them is missing or in less quantity than what is required by a plant then the yield and growth of the plant will be directly proportional to the amount of that minimum element i.e. that will also be poor even if all other nutrients are in proper quantity and abundance. That one element can lead to poor growth and yield.

Groundnut belongs to the Leguminosae or Fabaceae family. Legume crops are known for their edible seeds and high protein content in their seeds while peanuts and groundnut are also oil crops. The main feature of this family is the presence of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria which is good for both plant growth as well as soil fertility. The other examples of this family are pea, chickpeas, peanut, beans, and all other pulses.

There are three main stages in the complete life cycle of the rice plant which are vegetative (from seed germination to PI), reproductive (from PI to flowering), and ripening (from flowering to grain maturity). PI is Panicle Initiation, a stage in which its top part, the inflorescence is grown, it comes after the maximum tillering stage and it ends approximately in 60 days.

First of all the critical period of weed competition can be defined as the period between early growth during which weeds can grow without affecting crop yield and the point after which weed growth does not affect the yield. It is approximately $${\frac{1}{3}^{{\text{rd}}}}$$ of the duration of the crop. And in the case of sugarcane, it is approximately 4 months.

Gene is the smallest controlling unit and each one is available to control the existence of every character in an organism. In the case of the soybean plant, the indeterminate and determinate nature of stem phenotype is controlled by DT1 and DT2 genes.