Agronomy MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Tilth of soil is a dynamic and multifaceted concept that refers to the suitability of soil for planting and growing crops.
It is related to the shape of the soil aggregates, the size distribution of the soil aggregates, and the arrangement of the soil aggregates.

Cropping intensity is the number of times a crop is planted per year in a given agricultural area.
Cropping intensity $$ = \frac{{{\text{Gross cropped area}}}}{{{\text{Net sown area}}}} \times {\text{100}}$$      $$ = \frac{3}{1} \times 100 = 300$$
In a cropping sequence of maize-wheat-moong, the cropping intensity should be 300%.

Agronomic measures reduce the impact of raindrops through the covering of the soil surface and increase the infiltration rate and water absorption capacity of the soil which results in reduced runoff and soil loss through erosion.
Agronomic measures of soil conservation are applicable up to a slope of ≤ 2%.

LER stands for Land Equivalent Ratio and it is defined as the ratio of the area under sole cropping to the area under intercropping needed to give equal amounts of yield at the same management level. It can be used whenever more than one type of yield can be obtained from the same area.
When the LER value is 1.30, it indicates a complementary effect.

Dry Land farming means the cultivation of drought resistant, short duration, and high yielding varieties of crops with a package of soil and water management including water harvesting.
It is a method of farming practice in semi-arid areas and non-irrigated cultivation of crops. It involves the constant assessing of the amount of moisture present or lacking for any given crop cycle and planning accordingly.

The agricultural land area of India is divided into 15 agro-climatic zones and further divided into 72 more sub-divisions. It is based on soil type, climates, rainfall, etc.
These are:
1. Western Himalayan division
2. Eastern Himalayan division
3. Lower Gangetic plain region
4. Middle Gangetic plain region
5. Upper Gangetic plain region
6. Trans-Gangetic plain region
7. Eastern plateau and hill region
8. Central plateau and hill region
9. Western plateau and hill region
10. Southern plateau and hill region
11. East coast plain and hill region
12. West coast plain and hill region
13. Gujarat plain and hill region
14. Western plain and hill region
15. Island region

The pigeon pea is a perennial legume belonging to the family Fabaceae. It is widely cultivated in tropical and semitropical regions of the world.
It contains high levels of protein and the important amino acids methionine, lysine and tryptophan.
World production of pigeon pea is estimated at 4.49 million tons, and about 63% of this production comes from India.
The optimum seed rate for pigeon pea crops is 12 - 15 kg/ha.

Cultivation of woody plants for decoration and shade is termed Arboriculture.
Arboriculture can be defined as the cultivation, management and study of individual trees, shrubs, vines, and other perennial woody plants for ornamental and decoration purposes.
The main purpose is to maintain permanent landscape and amenities usually in parks, gardens, etc.

Wheat is the highest cultivated crop in terms of area in the world. It is one of the staple crops grown for bread worldwide.
It is grown on more than 240 million hectares of land in the world and the total global production of wheat was 760 million tons as per the data collected in 2020.

SBI stands for Sugarcane Breeding Institute and is a central research institute for sugarcane. It was established by the British Raj in 1912 under ICAR, located in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.
It was established to promote research efforts in sugarcane production and is the only sugarcane research institute in the country.