Horticulture MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

The edible part of pomegranate is aril.
An aril also called an arillus, is a specialized outgrowth from a seed that partly or completely covers the seed.
The small pink seeds inside a pomegranate, called the arils, are the edible portion of the fruit. The outer hard layer of pomegranate is made up of exocarp and partially mesocarp, which also form septa in the fruit.

Good storage requires Low temperature and high relative humidity.
Fresh fruits and vegetables need low temperatures (32 to 55°F) and high relative humidities (80 to 95 percent) to lower respiration and slow metabolic and transpiration rates.
Low temperatures prevent the growth of microorganisms, the activity of enzymes and purely chemical reactions. Freezing prevents the growth of most foodborne microorganisms and refrigeration temperatures slow down the growth of microorganisms.

The glycoalkaloid providing nematode resistance in tomatoes is Tomatine.
Tomatine is a glycoalkaloid, found in the stems and leaves of tomato plants, and fruits at much lower concentrations.
Tomatine plays a major role in the resistance of the tomato plant against fungal, microbial, insect, and herbivore attacks. Tomatine is responsible in tomato plants for resistance against for example the Colorado beetle and snails. It is also a defense against fungi.

An ideal fruit for making jelly should be rich in Pectin and acids.
For proper texture, jellied fruit products require the correct combination of fruit, pectin, acid and sugar.
Pectin is a substance in fruits that forms a gel if it is in the right combination with acid and sugar. All fruits contain some pectin, but some must be combined with fruits high in pectin or with commercial pectin products to obtain gels.
The proper level of acid is critical to gel formation. If there is too little acid, the gel will never set; if there is too much acid, the gel will lose liquid (weep).

The leading vegetable production state in India is Uttar Pradesh.
During the fiscal year 2022, Uttar Pradesh produced the largest share of vegetables in India, accounting for 14.8 percent. West Bengal came in second this year at 14 percent.
Uttar Pradesh has reclaimed its position as the top producing State in vegetables relegating West Bengal to the second position after two years.
Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Odisha are the major Vegetables producing States of the country.

Pomology is the study of fruit science.
It has a very long history in the United States; horticulturists working for the USDA first established a pomology division way back in 1886.
Pomological research is mainly focused on the development, enhancement, cultivation and physiological studies of fruit trees. The goals of fruit tree improvement include enhancement of fruit quality, regulation of production periods, and reduction of production cost.

Chrysanthemum is commercially propagated by Terminal cuttings.
Terminal cuttings of 5 - 7 cm in length are taken from healthy stock plants in June. The cuttings are prepared by removing basal leaves and reducing the leaf area of the remaining leaves to half. The basal portion (less than half an inch) of cuttings is dipped in rooting hormone, for better rooting. Sometimes the lower portion of cuttings is treated with some copper fungicide to avoid fungal growth. These rooted cuttings are ready for planting in the field.

Vegetative parthenocarpy is found in a banana.
Vegetative parthenocarpy is a plant development process in which fruit develops from an unfertilized ovule without the need for fertilization by a pollen grain. The process is often induced by chemicals or environmental stress factors.
Banana shows the property of Vegetative parthenocarpy as the produced bananas are sterile, developed without viable ovaries and do not produce seeds, which makes it must propagate vegetatively.

The optimum range of temperature is required for tomato crops 18° - 19°C.
Tomato is a warm-season crop. The best fruit colour and quality are obtained at a temperature range of 18° - 19°C. Temperatures above 32°C adversely affect the fruit set and development. The plants cannot withstand frost and high humidity.
It requires low to medium rainfall. Bright sunshine at the time of fruit set helps to develop dark red coloured fruits. Temperature below 10°C adversely affects plant tissues thereby slowing down physiological activities.

Cluster bean among the following options originated from our country.
The guar or cluster bean, with the botanical name Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, is an annual legume and the source of guar gum.
It is grown principally in north-western India and Pakistan with smaller crops grown in the semiarid areas of the high plains of Texas in the US, Australia and Africa.
India is the main producer of cluster beans, accounting for 80% production of the world's total, while the Rajasthan, Gujarat and Kutch regions occupy the largest areas (82.1% of total) dedicated to its cultivation.