Soil Science MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Zinc is one of the following options that are not a major nutrient element.
Whereas Nitrogen. Phosphorus and Sulphur are major or macronutrient elements required in large amounts by the plants for growth and development.
Zinc is the minor or micronutrient element required in a very less amount by the plants for their survival and development. Zinc is an important component of various enzymes and thus plays a vital role in its metabolic functioning.

The fertilizer control order came in the year 1957.
The Fertilizer Control Order, 1957 was issued under Section 3 of ECA, 1955 to regulate manufacture, trade and distribution of Fertilizers in the country.
The main aim of the fertilizer control Order is to ensure adequate availability of the right quality of fertilizers at the right time and right price to farmers, the fertilizer was declared an essential commodity and fertilizer control order (FCO). It also works to regulate, trade, price, quality and distribution of fertilizers in the country.

Actinomycetes are mainly Gm⁺ actinomycetes, which refers to these are gram-positive, free-living and saprophytic.
Actinomycetes species are ubiquitous, occurring in soil and the microbiota of animals, including the human microbiota. They are known for the important role they play in soil ecology, they produce several enzymes that help degrade organic plant material, lignin and chitin.

Tensiometer is used to measure head and pressure in the unsaturated zone in the soil. Its range is between 0 to -85 kpa.

A resistance block is a soil moisture block often referred to as a gypsum block or electrical resistance block, which is a device for measuring soil moisture changes. Its range is in between -100 to < -1500 kpa.

Neutron scattering is the technique of choice for condensed matter investigations to measure soil moisture. Its useful range kpa is 0 to < -1500 kpa.

Pressure membrane apparatus is used to determine soil water retention and suctions greater than 0.4 bar, and its useful range is 50 to < -10000 kpa.

FYM (farmyard manure) is an important organic resource for agricultural production in livestock-based farming systems in the semi-arid tropics of India.
The chemical composition of FYM is nitrogen is 0.5% nitrogen, 0.2% phosphate. 0.5% potassium and 76% of water.
For 60 kg of nitrogen for a crop, 120 tonnes of farmyard manure is required as 1 ton of FYM contains 0.5 kg of Nitrogen.

Lignin is one of the main components of the plant cell wall and it is a natural phenolic polymer with high molecular weight, complex composition and structure. Lignin is found in the middle lamella, as well as in the secondary cell wall of xylem vessels and the fibres that strengthen plants.
Fungi especially white rot fungi can decompose lignin. Although lignin is resistant to most microorganisms.

The concept of pH is first introduced by the Danish Scientist Soren Peder Lauritz Sorensen, in 1909. He describes the way of measuring pH using potential differences, as it represents the negative power of 10 in the concentration of hydrogen ions.
pH denotes "potential of hydrogen" which is a scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.

The space between fertilizer stacks and walls should be about 0.75 m.
Storage of the fertilizers is advised to be in the shed, and place the wooden platforms on the pallets, just to avoid contact between the fertilizer sacks and the ground.
The stacks should not exceed 20 bags to avoid shrinking the bags at the bottom.
Leave space of about 60 cm between the stacks.

CAN is calcium ammonium nitrate, also known as nitro-limestone or nitrochalk, is a widely used inorganic fertilizer. It contains about 25% of nitrogen.

Anhydrous ammonia is an efficient and widely used source of nitrogen fertilizer and its nitrogen content is 82%.

Urea is the most important nitrogenous fertilizer in the country because of its high N content and it is 46%.

Ammonium nitrate is a commonly used nitrogenous fertilizer and its nitrogen content is 33%.

Nitrobacteria are obligate aerobes. It plays an important role in the nitrogen cycle by oxidizing nitrite (NO₃^-) into nitrate and ultimately nitrogen in the soil.
Ammonifying bacteria convert ammonia into atmospheric nitrogen.
Denitrifying bacteria results in the conversion of nitrates in the soil to free atmospheric nitrogen.
Rhizobium species are a group of bacteria that helps in fixing atmospheric nitrogen in plants.