Soil Science MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Munsell colour system is a colour space that specifies colours based on three properties of colour: hue (basic colour), chroma (colour intensity), and value (lightness). It was created by Professor Albert H. Munsell in the 20^th century and adopted by the United States Department of Agriculture as the official colour system for soil research in the 1930s.
Munsell's colour chart contains about 175 different coloured papers or chips.

Ammonium ammonia is an efficient and widely used source of nitrogen fertilizer. It is relatively easy to apply and is readily available to producers. It has the highest content of Nitrogen which is about 82%.

Ammonium phosphate is a widely used source of phosphorus and nitrogen. It’s made of two constituents common in the fertilizer industry and contains the most phosphorus of any common solid fertilizer. Nitrogen content is 16%.

Di-ammonium phosphate is the most widely used Phosphorous fertilizer. But it also contains nitrogen and its N content is 18 - 21%.

Ammonium chloride is medium-strength nitrogen fertilizer. It contains about 25% nitrogen.

Subsurface drainage is the removal of water from the root zone. It is accomplished by deep open drains or buried pipe drains.
Subsurface drainage lowers the water table and removes excess water through open ditches or perforated pipes.
Subsurface drainage is required for the following crop Tea.

The negative charge on 2 : 1 Clays is both pH-dependent and pH-independent.
A 2 : 1 clay consists of an octahedral sheet sandwiched between two tetrahedral sheets and 2 : 1 layers have a net negative charge and may be bonded together either by individual cations or by positively charged octahedral sheets.
Some examples are talc, vermiculite and montmorillonite.

Cambic horizons are subsurface soil layers of pedogenic change without appreciable illuviated material. It always has less carbonate than an underlying horizon with calcium carbonate accumulation.
The presence of a cambic horizon is a feature of Inceptisol.
Inceptisol is a soil order formed quickly through alteration of the parent material. They have an ochric or umbric horizon and a cambic subsurface horizon.

The mineralization of organic phosphorus has been studied in the C/N/P ratio.
Mineralization is the process by which chemicals present in organic matter are decomposed or oxidized into easily available forms to plants.
When the agent or animal dies, it decays and the organic phosphate is returned to the soil. within the soil, organic forms of phosphate can be made available to plants by bacteria that break down organic matter into inorganic forms of phosphorus.

Most plants obtain nitrogen from the soil in the form of Nitrate.
Nitrate is the form of nitrogen most used by plants for growth and development. Nitrates in the soil are a primary source of nitrogen which is essential for plant growth. Under normal conditions, nitrates are converted to protein in the plant at about the same rates as they are absorbed into the root system.

Zoning is used for differentiating isomorphous minerals, ex. Albite & anorthite.
Zoning is a scientific concept and refers to the segregation of a vast mass of land such as that of a city or a township into several zones. This is done to facilitate the proper use of land for a different purpose.
Isomorphous minerals contain different elements arranged in the same arrangement and number.

CAN is a nitrogen fertilizer that contains equal parts of fast-acting nitrate-nitrogen and longer-lasting ammonium-nitrogen. Fertilizer grade CAN contain roughly 8% calcium and 21 - 27% nitrogen.
CAN is both Nitrate as well as ammonium fertilizer. It is preferred for use on acid soils.

Soil conditioners also referred to as soil amendments, help improve soil structure by increasing aeration, water holding capacity and nutrients. They help break up compacted clay soils, which lack sufficient space for air and water, both of which are important for microorganisms to thrive and for plant roots to grow.
VAMA is a polyanionic soil conditioner.