Soil Science MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

A fertilizer not listed in the FCO cannot be labeled as sold as fertilizer because it is not recognized as fertilizer.
FCO is the fertilizer control order, it works to ensure adequate availability of the right quality of fertilizers at the right time and right price to farmers.
FCO was promogulated under Section 3 of the essential commodities act, 1955 to regulate, trade, price, quality and distribution of fertilizers.

SSP (Single Super Phosphate) is manufactured from rock phosphate.
It is produced by reacting naturally occurring rock phosphate with sulphuric acid. This process converts insoluble phosphates into forms more readily available to plants.
SSP was the first commercial mineral fertilizer and it led to the development of the modern plant nutrient industry.

Green manures are mostly used as a source of Nitrogen.
Green manure is a crop specifically produced to be incorporated into the soil while still green. The primary goal is to add organic matter to the soil for its benefit.
Green manuring is often used with legume crops to add nitrogen to the soil for following crops, especially in organic and conventional farming.

Ammonium sulphate is an inorganic salt obtained by the reaction of sulphuric acid with two equivalents of ammonia.
It is widely used as a fertilizer for alkaline soils. In the soil the ammonium ion is released and forms a small amount of acid, lowering the pH balance of the soil, while contributing essential nitrogen for plant growth.
It contains 21% of nitrogen and 24% of Sulphur.

The contribution of fertilizers to the increase in food production is 50%. Commercial fertilizer is responsible for 40 - 60% of the world's food production.
Fertilizers replace the nutrients that crops take from the soil to produce fruits and cereals etc.
Fertilizers provide crops with nutrients like potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen Sulphur, etc. which allow crops to grow bigger, faster and produce more food.

The fertilizer needed to make 300 L of 1% solution is 3 kg.
As 1% of 300 is 3 therefore, the amount of fertilizer required will be 3 kg.
The amount of fertilizer is decided after the proper testing of soil, what nutrient is required in which amount according to the type of crop grown on that certain piece of land.

The cation exchange capacity is a measure of how many cations can be retained on soil particle surfaces. Negative charges on the surfaces of soil particles bind positively charged atoms or molecules (cations) but allow these to exchange with other positively charged particles in the surrounding soil water.
CEC values for organic soils lie in the range of 50 - 100 meq/100 g.

Arc process is related to the manufacturing of Nitrogenous fertilizer.
The first synthetic N fertilizer was calcium nitrate, made in 1903 from nitric acid produced by the electric arc process.
An arc reactor discharge device for producing nitrogen oxides by an arc discharge process.

The nitrification process is most active when the pH is between 6.5 and 7.5.
It is observed that the nitrification process is pH sensitive and the rates of nitrification will decline significantly at pH value below 6.5. Therefore, it is important to maintain adequate alkalinity to provide pH stability and also to provide inorganic carbon for nitrifiers.