31.
Consider the following statements regarding chasmophytes and choose the correct answer:
1. Chasmophytes are plants rooted in fissures or clefts and crevices of rocks which are filled with earth, dust and other gravel or rock-debris
2. Chasmophytic flora consists of all types, they belong to Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta and Spermatophyta
3. Rhizoids and roots of chasmophytes are often constricted within narrow clefts and flattened out as thin filamentous structures
4. If the rock is provided with clefts and crevices, lithophytes along chasmophytes develop in these

32.
At which level of the pyramid of energy the amount of the total energy is the highest?

38.
Advantages of self-pollination include

39.
Which of the following statements about phloem transport is correct?

40.
A natural process observed in lakes and tanks where the rich growth of micro-organisms consumes much of the dissolved oxygen, tending to deprive other organisms is known as