Consider two particles with position vectors $$\overrightarrow {{{\bf{r}}_1}} $$ and $$\overrightarrow {{{\bf{r}}_2}} $$ . The force exerted by particle 2 on particle 1 is $$\overrightarrow {\bf{F}} \left( {\overrightarrow {{{\bf{r}}_1}} ,\,\overrightarrow {{{\bf{r}}_2}} } \right) = \left( {{{{\bf{\dot r}}}_2} - {{{\bf{\dot r}}}_1}} \right)\left( {{r_2} - {r_1}} \right).$$       The force is

A mass m is constrained to move on a horizontal frictionless surface. It is set in circular motion with radius r₀ and angular speed ω₀ by an applied force $$\overrightarrow {\bf{F}} $$ communicated through an inextensible thread that passesthrough a hole on the surface as shown in figure given below. Then, this force is suddenly doubled.

The magnitude of the radial velocity of the mass

The speed of a particle whose kinetic energy is equal to its rest mass energy, is given by (c is the speed of light in vacuum)

The Hamiltonian corresponding to the Lagrangian $$L = a{{\dot x}^2} + b{{\dot y}^2} - kxy$$     is

A particle is moving in an inverse square field. If the total energy of the particle is positive, then trajectory of particle is