Atmosphere MCQ Question and Answer | Geography MCQ Question

Advection is the horizontal transport or transfer of a quality such as heat and cold from one point to another. Advective transfers occur either in the oceans by currents of seawater or by large-scale movement in the atmosphere where humidity (atmospheric moisture) is another important property. In both cases a major example is the transport of cold air or water masses from the polar regions to lower latitudes.

The continuous circulation of water among the hydrosphere, atmosphere and Lithosphere is known as hydrologic cycle. The water, or hydrologic, cycle describes the pilgrimage of water as water molecules make their way from the Earth’s surface to the atmosphere and back again, in some cases to below the surface. This gigantic system, powered by energy from the Sun, is a continuous exchange of moisture between the oceans, the atmosphere, and the land.

The layer of atmosphere composed of ionic gaseous molecules helping in propagation of radio waves is Ionosphere. It is the 2nd layer from the top. It ranges from 60km. to 1000km. It also protects Earth from meteorites.

As we go upwards altitude wise, the density of gases gets reduced. They seldomly occur till the altitude of 300km.

Dew points indicate the amount of moisture in the air. The higher the dew points, the higher the moisture content of the air at a given temperature. Dew point is a temperature at which a given sample of air becomes saturated.

The stratosphere is said to be ideal for flying jet aircraft. This is because this layer is rich in ozone which reduces fuel consumption, the temperature is constant and ideal for aircraft engine efficiency, this layer is out of the firing range of anti-aircraft guns and of the absence of clouds and other weather phenomena.

Doldrums are Equatorial zone with low pressure. As this region lies along the equator, it receives highest amount of insolation. Due to intense heating, air gets warmed up and rises over the equatorial region (convection). Whenever there is vertically upward movement of air, the region at the surface will be at low pressure. Thus the belt along the equator is called equatorial low pressure belt.

The following places that are favourably influenced by the Trade winds are West Indies, Brazil, Mexico and Madagascar.

In the northern hemisphere, the wind blowing from the Horse latitudes to the Doldrums is called Trade wind. Trade wind blow out from the Subtropical High Pressure belts. In the northern hemisphere, they blow towards the equatorial low and called North East Trade Winds. In the Southern hemisphere they blow towards the equatorial low and become the South East Trade winds.

The dense mass of small water drops on smoke particles in the lower layers of the atmosphere is Smog. Smog is a kind of air pollution, originally named for the mixture of smoke and fog in the air. Classic smog results from large amounts of coal burning in an area and is caused by a mixture of smoke and sulfur dioxide.