Lithosphere MCQ Question and Answer | Geography MCQ Question

Earthquakes and volcanoes occur mostly in folded and faulted region. An earthquake is a series of seismic waves or tremors in the earth's crust. They usually occur along the edge of plate boundaries in areas called fault lines. They are caused when pressure builds up at the edge of the plates as they collide or slide past one another.

The 'ring of fire' is associated with earthquakes, volcanoes and it goes round the Pacific Ocean.

All the three are correctly matched. Active volcano : Stromboli (Sicily), Stromboli is a small island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, off the north coast of Sicily, containing one of the three active volcanoes in Italy. Dormant volcano : Vesuvius (Italy), Vesuvius, also called Mount Vesuvius or Italian Vesuvio, active volcano that rises above the Bay of Naples on the plain of Campania in southern Italy. Extinct volcano : Fujiyama (Japan), It is a volcano that has been dormant since its last eruption, in 1707, but is still generally classified as active by geologists.

Granite is a light-colored igneous rock with grains large enough to be visible with the unaided eye. It forms from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. Granite is composed mainly of quartz and feldspar with minor amounts of mica, amphiboles, and other minerals.

Sinkholes are the most characteristic feature of karst topography. In the region where sedimentary rocks such as limestone forms the bed rock structure. The above flowing water of rivers react with these rocks to form a wide range of structures such as lappies, sink holes, caves etc. also known as Karst Topography.

The geological phenomena that causes earthquakes are development of fault, movement along a fault, impact produced by a volcanic eruption and folding of rocks.

Extensive deserts occur in the western tropical regions of continents because of the effect of both the offshore easterly trade winds & cold ocean currents. Trade minds blow away from the western sides of the continents thus dumping the moisture they carry from oceans on eastern sides of other continents. Also, there are cold ocean currents on western side near almost all continents due to which scanty or no rain occurs in the sea water.

The Hawaii islands are the top of submerged volcanic mountains. The Hawaiian Emperor seamount chain is a well-known example of a large seamount and island chain created by hot-spot volcanism. Each island or submerged seamount in the chain is successively older toward the northwest.

The principal reason for the formation of metamorphic rocks is extreme heat and pressure. Metamorphic rocks were once sedimentary, igneous or even other metamorphic rocks that have been changed by heat and pressure. Contact metamorphism occurs when magma intrudes or forces its way into existing rock. The heat of the magma bakes the surrounding rocks causing them to change.

As Ganga Brahmaputra Valley lies near the foot hills of the Himalayas they are more susceptible to earthquakes as compared to other regions given in option.