Ancient History Art And Culture MCQ Question and Answer | History MCQ Question

In the Later Vedic period, Prajapati was the important diety occupied the supreme position. Prajapatis were elected democratically. First such elected Prajapati was Lord Vishnu, followed by Lord Bràhma and Lord Shankar. There were total 26 Prajapatis mentioned in Vedas.

The Harshacharita, is the biography of Indian emperor Harsha by Banabhatta, also known as Bana, who was a Sanskrit writer of seventh-century CE India. He was the Asthana Kavi, meaning Court Poet, of Harsha.

Samudragupta (335-375 AD) of the Gupta dynasty is known as the Napoleon of India. Historian A V Smith called him so because of his great military conquests known from the 'Prayag Prashati' written by his courtier and poet Harisena, who also describes him as the hero of a hundred battles.

The location of Janapadas and Mahajanapadas was Indian sub-continent. There were 16 mahajanpadas during 600 BC to 300 B.C. As per the Vedic texts Aryan tribes were known as the Janas, which were the largest social units. The term janapada composed of janas means “people” or “subject” and pada “foot”.

According to the traditional documents of J. Gordon Melton, the first Shiva temple built in Somnath Temple was built in the old times only. And the second temple was built in 649 CE by the King of Vallabhbhai. It is said that the Arab governor of Sindh, Al-Junaid, destroyed it in 725 CE.

Arrian of Nicomedia was a Greek historian, public servant, military commander and philosopher of the Roman period. The Anabasis of Alexander by Arrian is considered the best source on the campaigns of Alexander the Great.

The Indus valley people worshiped Lord Shiva as the main male god. The erect male phallus or the male reproductive power of the god Shiva.

It is the paramount importance in understanding the Ashok’s Policy of dhamma. This rock edict pleads the way of conquest which is dhamma instead of war. This is logical culmination of the thorough processes which began from the 1st rock edict.

Bana’s biography of Harsha provides valuable information about the period, though with some obvious exaggeration in the emperor’s favour. Written in the ornate kavya style, involving extremely lengthy constructions, elaborate descriptions, and poetic devices, the work has great vitality and a wealth of keenly observed detail. His second great work, the prose romance Kadambari, is named for the heroine of the novel. The book describes the affairs of two sets of lovers through a series of incarnations. Both works were left unfinished; the second was completed by the author’s son, Bhusanabhatta.

The natural factors could be geological and climatic. It is believed that the Indus Valley region experienced several tectonic disturbances which caused earthquakes. These upheavals not only disturbed their life but also changed courses of rivers or dried them up. The modern satellite imagery confirms dramatic shifts in the river courses, which might have caused great flood cutting the food producing areas from urban centres. This is evident from the quantities of silt layers in the upper levels of Mohenjo Daro indicating heavy floods. Another natural reason might be changes in patterns of rainfall. During the mature Harappan age in 2500 BC, there was a great rise in the amount of rainfall, but by the beginning of the second millennium BC it had dropped dramatically thus affecting food production adversely. With the rivers shifting their courses, the rainfall declining and sufficient food failing to arrive from the countryside, there was a slow but inevitable collapse of the Indus System.