Answer & Solution
Answer: Option
B
Solution:
* Option A: Momentum - Momentum depends on both mass and velocity.
Even though the spheres fall at the same rate, the iron sphere has a greater mass, so its momentum will be higher.
* Option B: Acceleration - Acceleration due to gravity (g) is constant for all objects near the Earth's surface, regardless of their mass (assuming air resistance is negligible).
Both spheres are acted upon by the same gravitational force per unit mass, meaning they will accelerate downwards at the same rate (approximately 9.8 m/s²).
* Option C: Kinetic Energy - Kinetic energy depends on both mass and velocity squared (KE = 1/2 * m * v²).
Since the iron sphere has a greater mass, it will have a greater kinetic energy even if they have the same velocity.
* Option D: Potential Energy - Potential energy depends on mass, gravity, and height (PE = m * g * h).
At the same height, the iron sphere has a greater mass, so it will have more potential energy.
Therefore, the correct answer is B: acceleration.
Because both spheres are falling under the influence of gravity alone (ignoring air resistance), they experience the same acceleration.
