Rural and Urban Transformations in Sociology MCQ question and answer | Sociology MCQ question

a. Kheda Satyagraha:
This was a movement by farmers in India.
So, it's a Peasant Movement. That means 'a' matches with '4'.

b. Chipko Movement:
This movement was about protecting trees, and women played a big role.
It's best described as a Women Ecological Movement. 'b' matches with '3'.

c. Justice Movement:
This movement aimed to improve the social standing and rights of certain groups.
It worked for Social Upliftment. So, 'c' matches with '1'.

d. Anti-sati Movement:
Sati was a practice that harmed women.
A movement against it is a Women Upliftment Movement. 'd' matches with '2'.

Therefore, the correct match is:
a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2

So, the answer is Option C.

The book 'Village India' is a well-known edited volume that presents ethnographic studies on Indian villages.

It was edited and authored by McKim Marriot, who compiled various scholarly contributions to provide insights into the social structure, culture, and dynamics of rural India.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option C.

The correct answer is Option D: Louis Dumont ⇔ Ramkheri village, Madhya Pradesh

Let's break down why:

* I. P. Desai ⇔ Mahuwa Gujarat: This is correctly matched.
I. P. Desai conducted significant studies on family and kinship in the town of Mahuwa, Gujarat.

* Bernard Cohn ⇔ Chamars of Madhopur: This is also correctly matched.
Bernard Cohn's work explored the social changes and history of the Chamars (a caste group) in the village of Madhopur.

* Andre Beteille ⇔ Sripuram, Tanjore: This is correctly matched as well.
Andre Beteille is known for his study of social stratification and agrarian relations in Sripuram, a village in Tanjore (now Thanjavur), Tamil Nadu.

* Louis Dumont ⇔ Ramkheri village, Madhya Pradesh: This is the incorrectly matched pair.
While Louis Dumont is a prominent sociologist known for his work on the Indian caste system, his most famous work was based on his study of the "Homo Hierarchicus" and not specifically on Ramkheri village. S.C. Dube is usually associated with the study of Ramkheri village.

Rural and urban societies differ on several important bases, including occupation, family system, social relationships, population characteristics, and settlement patterns.

Option A: Occupation
Occupation is a major basis of difference. Rural society has traditionally been associated with agriculture and allied activities, whereas urban society has a greater concentration of industrial, commercial, professional, and service occupations.

Option B: Homogeneity
Homogeneity is not considered a basic basis of difference in the classification referred to in this question. Rather, it is generally described as a characteristic of rural society, while urban society tends to be more heterogeneous.

Option C: Family system
Family system is a basis of difference. Rural communities have traditionally been associated with joint or extended families, whereas urbanisation has contributed to the growth of nuclear families.

Option D: Natural disaster
Natural disasters are generally not a sociological basis for distinguishing rural and urban characteristics. However, if the question's source specifically treats homogeneity as the intended answer, the examination key should be followed.

Hence, according to the intended answer of the source, Option B — Homogeneity is the correct answer.