Agronomy MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

Maize is the first hybrid crop variety developed in India, followed by Bajra, Cotton and Rice.
The first hybrid variety of maize, Ganga-1, was developed in 1961.
The first hybrid variety of Bajra was released in 1965, developed by Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, and was called HB1.
H4 was the first hybrid variety of cotton released in 1970, developed by Cotton Research Station Surat.
Krh-1 was the nation’s first hybrid variety of rice with the aroma of basmati rice.

The seed rate of hybrid maize is about 20 - 25 kg/hectare.
For good yield, the selection of quality seeds is very important along with all the favourable parameters provided. The hybrid seed varieties like CO1, CO6, TNAU, etc., give a good yield.

Pusa bedana is the seedless variety of watermelon developed at IARI, Pusa.
It is a triploid variety of watermelon.
It was developed by crossing Tetra-2 (a tetraploid) with Pusa rasaal (a diploid).
A seedless watermelon is a sterile hybrid that is created by crossing the male pollen (22 chromosomes) of a watermelon with a female watermelon flower (44 chromosomes per cell).

Cropping intensity is the ratio of gross area sown to the net area sown.
It refers to growing several crops in the same field during one agricultural year.
$$\eqalign{ & {\text{Cropping Intensity}} \cr & = \frac{{{\text{Gross Croped Area}}}}{{{\text{Net Sown Area}}}} \times 100 \cr & = \frac{{50}}{{20}} \times 100 \cr & = 250\% \cr} $$
Gross cropped area = 50
Net Sown area = 20

Groundnuts probably originated in Peru or Brazil in South America. It was introduced into India by Jesuit Fathers (missionaries) in the first half of the 16^th century. It was introduced in Gujarat by Shri Padmabhai Patel (Rajkot) from Tamil Nadu.
It is a leguminous crop cultivated for edible purposes, and it is an oil seed too. It is grown exclusively in tropical and subtropical regions.

Photorespiration is the process in plant metabolism where the enzyme RuBisCO oxygenates RuBP, wasting some of the energy produced by photosynthesis.
C4 plants do not show photorespiration as these plants maintain a high concentration of carbon dioxide in the bundle sheath cells and the absence of grana ensures no release of oxygen due to photolysis. Thus, photorespiration is absent in such plants. And maize is one of the C4 plants.

The Central Arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI) was established in 1952 under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi and is headquartered in Jodhpur, Rajasthan.
It has the distinction of being the world's first institute that is exclusively devoted to agricultural research and development in an arid zone. It aims to conduct multidisciplinary research to seek solutions to the problems faced by farmers in the arid zone.

A total of 143 million hectares of geographic land is agricultural land in our country, out of which approximately 45% - 48% is rainfed, which relies on irrigation to fulfill the water requirements of the plants. And this percentage is about 50 million hectares.

Cumin seed is a tiny dried seed that comes from a herbaceous plant that belongs to the family Umbelliferae. The other herb plants in this family are parsley, carrots, dill and caraway.
Cumin is durable and adaptable to both warm and cool climates. It is easily grown around the world. India is the largest producer as well as consumer of cumin.

A happy seeder is a tractor-mounted machine that cuts and lifts rice straw remains after harvesting, sows wheat seed into the soil and again covers the field by putting straw over the sown area as mulch.
So, it fulfills only two principles of C. A. (Conservation Agriculture), i.e., tillage and mulching.