Horticulture MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

The best temperature for storing tomato fruits is 12° - 15°C.
Optimal ripening conditions for tomatoes are between 18°C and 21°C. However, storage is frequently performed at low temperatures (12° - 15°C) to delay ripening, limit post-harvest losses and extend shelf life.

Sweet corn belongs to the family Poaceae.
Poaceae or Gramineae is a large ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and pastures.
Corn, Zea mays, belongs to the Poaceae family, and while eaten sometimes as a vegetable and sometimes as a grain, it is classified by botanists as a fruit, as are tomatoes, green peppers, cucumbers, zucchini and other squashes.

Browning of cut apples is due to enzymes.
This unappetizing phenomenon is actually due to a chain of biochemical reactions known as “enzymatic browning.” When an apple is cut (or bruised), oxygen is introduced into the injured plant tissue.
When oxygen is present in cells, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymes in the chloroplasts rapidly oxidize phenolic compounds naturally present in the apple tissues to o-quinones, colorless precursors to brown-colored secondary products.

The bitter principle in cucurbits is due to Cucurbitacins.
The Cucurbitaceae family has the highest number of plant species which is cultivated by humans, in Cucurbitaceae possess some chemical substance that gives a bitter taste to the fruit, the chemical substance is cucurbitacin and it is chemically classified as triterpenes.
The cucurbitacins B and E are the main bitter principles in all seedlings. The biogenesis of the cucurbitacins, the taxonomy of the family and the genetics of bitterness are discussed in the light of these results.

Gladiolus belongs to the family Iridaceae.
Gladiolus is a genus of perennial cormous flowering plants in the iris family, Iridaceae.
Gladioli grow from round, symmetrical corms that are enveloped in several layers of brownish, fibrous tunics. Their stems are generally unbranched, producing 1 to 9 narrow, sword-shaped, longitudinal grooved leaves, enclosed in a sheath.

A fruit that shows either a rise in respiration rate or an associated production of ethylene during the ripening process is called Non-Climacteric.
Fruit ripening is a highly coordinated developmental process that coincides with seed maturation. The ripening process is regulated by thousands of genes that control progressive softening and/or lignification of pericarp layers, accumulation of sugars, acids, pigments and release of volatiles.
Non-climacteric fruits include strawberry, grape, raspberry, cherry, citrus, etc. Non-climacteric fruits are characterized by ripening transitions that do not strictly depend on a significant increase in ethylene production and an associated rise in respiration rate.

The bitter taste in brinjal fruit is due to Solasodine.
Anthocyanin pigment present in the fruit is responsible for the purple colour of fruit skin. Amino acid content is higher in the purple variety. Bitterness in brinjal is due to the presence of glycoalkaloids i.e. solasodine. Generally, a high amount of glycoalkaloids produces a bitter taste and off flavour.
Eggplant is ranked as a vegetable with high antioxidant activity that is attributed to the anthocyanins and phenolic compounds contained in eggplants.

Pre-cooling is meant to remove the field heat.
Pre-cooling is a vital post-harvest management practice that is required before storage. Since there is a big difference between the temperature of harvested crops and cooling storage, the main purpose of pre-cooling is to remove the heat from the crops after they are harvested.
There are seven principal methods of pre-cooling fresh produce:
1) Room cooling
2) Forced-air cooling
3) Hydro-cooling
4) Ice cooling
5) Vacuum cooling
6) Cryogenic cooling
7) Evaporative cooling

The pungency principle in chilli is Capsaicin.
The spiciness in chili peppers is known as pungency and it is due to the presence of a group of compounds called capsaicinoids. Capsaicin is the major spice-producing alkaloid present in peppers.
It is a mixture of closely related compounds called capsinoids. Chief among these is the compound capsaicin, which is known by the chemical name: (E)-N-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) methyl]-8-methyl-6-nonenamide.

The equilateral triangle system of planting accommodates 15% more trees than the square system.
The equilateral triangle system accommodates 15% more plants than the square system. Plants are planted at the corner of an equilateral triangle. Six trees are planted making a hexagon. The seventh tree is planted in the centre and called septule. This system is generally followed where the land is costly and very fertile with ample provision of irrigation water.
In a square system, trees are planted on each comer of a square whatever may be the planting distance. This is the most commonly followed system and is very easy to layout. The central place between four trees may be advantageously used to raise short-lived filler trees.