Current Affair of July 2022

National

1. On 1st July 2022, Government of Delhi introduced a "new assessment guidelines" for school students. New guidelines have been introduced for government schools, government-aided & recognised unaided schools in Delhi. Under it, students will be assessed for impact of mindset curriculums in their behaviour and other scholastic subjects.

2. Union government has banned the use of 'single-use plastic' from 1st July 2022. Gazette notification was issued by Ministry for Environment, Forest and Climate Change in 2021, and announced the ban. It has now defined a list of items, that will be banned from July 2022.

3. Chairman of NALSA, Uday Umesh Lalit, launched India's First AI-powered, end-to-end digital Lok Adalat in Rajasthan. The AI-based Lok Adalat was launched during 18th All India Legal Services Authorities Meet. It was held in Jaipur, Rajasthan.

4. The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister has approved to categorize the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) as an "International Organization". The Headquarters Agreement (HQA) was also signed with CDRI. This agreement will grant it the exemptions, immunities and privileges in accordance with the United Nations (Privileges & Immunities) Act, 1947.

5. In Odisha, scientists are fine-tuning their analysis for making presentation for Geographical Indications (GI) registry of Kai Chutney. Dishes fabricated from weaver ants offer a treatment to many sicknesses for Odisha tribes. They are identified to boost immune device and stay sicknesses at bay.

6. On 3rd July 2022, the Central Board of Secondary Education launched the "Pariksha Sangam Portal". Pariksha Sangam Portal has been launched rationalize the sample papers, board examination results, and other details on one window. This portal will integrate examination-related processes, that will be conducted by regional offices of schools and Headquarters of the CBSE Board.

7. Government of Telangana recently announced "Data in Climate Resilient Agriculture (DiCRA)" as a part of Digital Public Goods Alliance, in association with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). DiCRA is the latest addition to Digital Public Goods Registry.

8. The World Economic Forum recently released its "Gender Gap Report 2022". In the report, India was ranked at 135th position, out of 146 countries. Iceland has been ranked at first position, followed by Finland and Norway. 6 among the 10 positions have been reserved by European nations like Iceland, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Ireland and Germany.

9. India Forum for Nature-Based Solutions was launched at the 11th World Urban Forum in Poland. The forum was collectively launched by National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA), World Resources Institute India (WRI India), Climate Centre for Cities (NIUA C-Cube) and their partners launched India Forum for Nature-Based Solutions.

10. Uttar Pradesh Mango Mahotsav-2022 is being held in lucknow, from 4th July to 7th July. During the event, a "Mega cluster of Mangoes" was also inaugurated. Union Government gave its approval for the Mega cluster of Mangoes and will spend Rs. 100 crore in next five year on it.

11. Varanasi City is all set to be declared as the "first Cultural and Tourism Capital of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)". It will become the cultural and tourism capital of the SCO for year 2022 - 23, as a part of SCO's new rotating initiative that seeks to promote people-to-people ties and tourism among member countries.

12. Ministry of Panchayati Raj (MoPR) and Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoH&FW) inked a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for the elimination of TB. MoU between MoPR and Central TV division of MoH&FW will build-up inter–Ministerial collaboration and strategic partnerships.

13. Recently, the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) conducted survey on Snow Leopard, throwing some interesting insights in Snow Leopard and and its prey species. ZSI study highlights a strong link between habitat use by Snow Leopard and its prey species like blue sheep and Siberian ibex.

14. On 6th July 2022, four new nominations were made to the Rajya Sabha. The four nominations include: Ilaiyaraaja - who is the Music maestro from Tamil Nadu, P. T. Usha - who is a sports icon from Kerala. V. Vijayendra Prasad - who is an acclaimed screenwriter from Karnataka and Veerendra Heggade - who is the philanthropist and spiritual leader from Karnataka.

15. Gujarat Government is all set to offer e-FIR service for the crimes like mobile or two-wheeler theft. Taking a step towards digital governance, the "e-FIR system" was launched in State. The e-governance initiatives and e-FIR system has been launched as a part of "e-GujCop project". This move is aimed at resolving the mentioned incidents in faster manner.

16. Recently, Researchers unravelled why some areas of glaciers in the Karakoram Range are going against the worldwide trend of glacial melt due to climate change. Even in Himalayas, glaciers are losing mass. Researchers linked this phenomenon to "resurgence of western disturbances (WDs)". The phenomenon of Karakoram not losing glacier mass, is known as "Karakoram Anomaly".

17. Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park recently launched a programme to introduce 20 Red Pandas in around five years to the Singalila National Park. Singalila National Park is a highly protected area, located at the Singalila Ridge in Darjeeling district of West Bengal. In 1994, it was declared a major wild habitat for red pandas.

18. Hariyali Mahotsav is set to be organised on 8th July 2022. Event will be held by "Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change" at Talkatora Stadium, in New Delhi. Hariyali Mahotsav will be organised under "Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav".

19. On 8th July 2022, a cloudburst near Amarnath shrine in Jammu and Kashmir took life of 15 people and over 40 are missing. Following the cloudburst, Amarnath yatra has been suspended till further advisory. Cloudburst has destroyed the community kitchens and tents near the shrine. It was reported at around 5:30 pm.

20. On 8th July 2022 the Delhi High Court asked the Enforcement Directorate to consider Vivo to allow it to unfreeze some of its bank accounts, in order to pay for its liabilities. Justice Yashwant Varma has asked the enforcement directorate to respond on plea filed by vivo, seeking to unfreeze its accounts.

21. The Social Statistic Division of National Statistical Office (NSO) recently released a report on proportion of Unmarried person in India. As per NSO report, percentage share of unmarried young people is increasing. This number is commonly increasing among men and women.

22. National e-Governance Service Delivery Assessment was recently conducted by "Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG)", in partnership with Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler (KPMG) and National Association of Software & Service Companies (NASSCOM).

23. Government's think tank NITI Aayog published its report titled "Harnessing Green Hydrogen - Opportunities for Deep Decarbonisation in India". This report has been prepared in collaboration with Delhi-based think tank RMI India. In its report, NITI Aayog has recommended to reduce or exempt the GST & Custom duties on production of green hydrogen, in order to boost the production in India.

24. Henley Passport Index 2022 was recently published by immigration consultancy Henley partners. In the index, India has been ranked at 87th position, among 199 world's most powerful passports in 2022. Ranking was based on the number of destinations the passport holders could access without prior visa.

25. The Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI) recently released its report titled "Internet in India". As per report, about 346 million Indians practices online transactions including digital payments and e-commerce. India has outnumbered United States, where population practicing digital transactions is at 331 million.

26. The Asia Pacific Sustainability Index 2021 was recently launched by Knight Frank, which is a Global property consultant. In the index, four Indian cities viz., Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Delhi and Mumbai, have been ranked among top 20 sustainable cities. In it, 36 cities were ranked on the basis of urbanisation pressure, carbon emissions, climate risk and government initiatives.

27. Lok Sabha Secretariat released a list of "unparliamentary words" on 13th July 2022. Some of the unparliamentary words include "Jumlajeevi, Covid spreader, Snoopgate, Baal buddhi". It also includes expressions like "ashamed, betrayed, hypocrisy, Abuse, drama, and incompetent".

28. NIRF Rankings 2022 were released on 15th July 2022 by the Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan. In year 2022, rankings were announced in 11 categories viz., Engineering, Colleges, Universities, Management, Overall, Medical, Law, Architecture, Research, Dental and Pharmacy.

29. Three wetlands from Tamil Nadu and One each from Mizoram, Madhya Pradesh have been identified under the Ramsar Convention, which is also called as "Convention on Wetlands". Thus, India has added five new Ramsar Wetlands Sites of international importance. With the latest addition, total number of Ramsar Sites in India has reached to 54 as opposed to 49 earlier.

30. Voting for the presidential election lasted on 18th July 2022. 98.90 percent of electors were allowed to vote in Parliament house. The election is pitted between NDA candidate Droupadi Murmu and joint opposition pick Yashwant Sinha. Polling started with Prime Minister Narendra Modi's vote.

31. On 20th July 2022, The Supreme Court of India accepted the report of Jayant Kumar Banthia Commission. Court also gave direction to Maharashtra State Election Commission to hold elections in accordance with the report. It also directed to take steps for holding the stalled elections in the state, on urgent basis and asked to announce the schedule for Election in next two weeks. The apex court was hearing a petition filed by Rahul Wagh in 2021, against the reservation.

32. On 20th July 2022, Union government restricted the import of human embryos in accordance with the Surrogacy (Regulation) Act, 2021 and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Regulation) Act, 2021. Before this, such imports were restricted or prohibited except for research purposes.

33. Indian Antarctic Bill, 2022 was passed in Lok Sabha on 22nd July 2022. The bill is aimed at broadening the application of domestic laws to research stations that has been established by India in Antarctic region. It is applicable to both Indian citizens and foreign citizens.

34. Union Minister of State for Environment Ashwini Kumar Choubey presented data on tigers in Lok Sabha recently. According to him, 329 tigers got lost in India in past 3 years. Poaching and other natural or unnatural causes were responsible for the loss. Currently, 197 tigers have been put to scrutiny.

35. Recently, the Supreme Court recognised the 'right to be forgotten' as part of 'right to privacy' and ordered to develop a mechanism of removing personal details of litigants involved in matrimonial litigation. The bench was considering a plea of women which noted that; her personal information should either be deleted or masked from judgement of her case because the judgement is easily accessible to public.

36. Family Courts (Amendment) Bill, 2022 was passed in Lok Sabha on 26th July 2022. The bill granted statutory status to family courts set up in Himachal Pradesh and Nagaland. Bill has also validated all the actions taken by these courts. It also seeks to add a new section 3A to validate all the action taken by these courts, retrospectively.

37. On 27th July 2022, the National Anti-Doping Bill, 2022 was passed in the Lok Sabha. Bill was passed considering that, legislative powers would put brake on doping. Bill was introduced in December 2021 by Union Sports Minister Anurag Thakur. Bill would help in establishing National Board of Anti-Doping in sports, comprising of competent and independent personnel.

38. Kerala has been ranked at top slot, in terms of holding State Assembly Session in 2021. In 2020, amid the first wave of covid-19 pandemic, state had slipped to 8th position. There were House sitting for 61 days in Kerala in 2021. The rankings were provided by PRS Legislative Research, in its study on function of State Assembly for 2021.

International

1. The World Bank Board of Executive Directors approved two complementary loans of USD 500 million each, for supporting and enhancing India's health sector. The financing of USD 1 billion by World Bank will support the "Pradhan Mantri-Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission (PM-ABHIM)" scheme of India.

2. On 1st July 2022, the Lisbon Declaration on ocean conservation was adopted by all the 198 members of United Nations. On the last day of UN Ocean Conference 2022, member nations committed to follow innovative and science-based actions on an urgent basis.

3. Australian authorities have exterminated honeybees in recent weeks, for preventing a potentially devastating parasitic plague, that is affecting the southeast region Australia. The recent outbreak of the deadly varroa mite has become massive threat to honey industry of Australia.

4. Mexico has been placed at top position in terms of expats in "Expat Insider 2022 survey". It is followed by Indonesia and Taiwan. Survey was conducted across 52 countries. Top 10 countries for Expats are: Mexico, Indonesia, Taiwan, Portugal, Spain, UAE, Vietnam, Thailand, Australia and Singapore (in that order). India has been ranked low in the Quality-of-Life Index.

5. Recently, a team of researchers published paper on fossil discovery of Eoscansor cobrensis from New Mexico. Paper was published "Annals of the Carnegie Museum" journal. Eoscansor cobrensis is a reptile, belonging to Pennsylvanian subperiod of Carboniferous period, around 305 million years ago. It used to live in area around present-day New Mexico.

6. On 3rd July 2022 Marmolada Glacier in northern part of Italian Alps collapsed resulting into killing of seven people. It led to the missing of 14 people, while 26 people got stuck in an avalanche. Marmolada is the highest peak in the Dolomites range.

7. Recently, a skin infection was reported among 100 students of Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology (SMIT) in Majhitar, East Sikkim. This infection was reported after they came in touch with Nairobi flies. Nairobi flies are also known as dragon bugs or Kenyan flies. They are small, beetle-like insects.

8. On 3rd July 2022 Marmolada Glacier in northern part of Italian Alps collapsed resulting into killing of seven people. It led to the missing of 14 people, while 26 people got stuck in an avalanche. Marmolada is the highest peak in the Dolomites range. Glacier collapse incident is a natural disaster. It can be the direct result of climate change.

9. On 5th July 2022, 'Derecho Storm System' hit the states of Minnesota, Nebraska and Illinois in the United States. As the Derecho Storm System reached these state, speed of winds reached to around 140 km per hour. Winds knocked down the power lines as well as trees. The storm turned the skies into green, which was never witnessed.

10. A group of climate activists, based in United Kingdom, Just Stop Oil has made headlines in last few months. They are in new for disruptions caused by them, which are created to catch attention towards their cause. On 5th July just stop oil group stick themselves to the frame of the Last Supper of Leonardo da Vinci, at the Royal Academy in London.

11. T. Raja Kumar of Singapore was recently appointed as the president of anti-money laundering watchdog, Financial Action Task Force (FATF). FATF works with the objectives of setting standards and promoting effective implementation of legal, operational and regulatory measures to combat terrorist financing, money laundering and other related threats for the integrity of international financial system.

12. On 7th July 2022, India got elected to "Intergovernmental Committee of UNESCO's 2003 Convention for Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH)" for the third time. India will be a member for a period of 2022 - 2026. Membership to ICH Committee will provide India an opportunity to restore the values of 'Vasudeva Kutumbakam'.

13. Former CEO of Government's think tank NITI Aayog, Amitabh Kant, has been selected as the India's new Sherpa for the G-20. He will replace Piyush Goyal as G-20 Sherpa. He was appointed as G-20 Sherpa in September 2021. Amitabh Kant has been appointed, as India is scheduled to assume the G-20 presidency in 2022.

14. Former Prime Minister of Japan Shinzo Abe was snuffed on 8th July 2022, while he was campaigning for the upcoming elections in Japan. Shinzo Abe was a Japanese politician. He served as Japanese prime minister and President of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) during 2006 - 2007, followed by second tenure during 2012 - 2020.

15. Gita Gopinath recently got featured on "wall of former chief economists" of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). She is the first woman and second Indian to get this honour. The first Indian to get featured on "wall of former chief economists" was Raghuram Rajan. He served as the Chief Economist and Director of Research of IMF during 2003 - 2006.

16. World Bank recently released the "Global Findex Database 2021". As per report, account ownership has increased worldwide. Report notes that, three out of four adults are having a financial account today. Despite that, 1.4 billion adults have no bank account.

17. Prime Minister of United Kingdom, Boris Johnson, recently announced his resignation. He will continue the office, until the Conservative Party finds his successor. Boris Johnson resigned because his close allies abandoned him, due to scandals that was shaking his government.

18. According to World Health Organisation (WHO), two suspected cases of Marburg virus disease were reported in Ghana. Marburg virus Disease is similar to Ebola. In the preliminary analysis, samples were taken from two patients belonging to southern Ashanti region of Ghana. Both patients died as, they were positive.

19. The microblogging platform Twitter has rolled out "Unmentioning Feature". This feature will allow uses to remove themselves from any conversations. This feature was launched amid ongoing chaos over Elon Musk's walkout of USD 44 billion deal to buy Twitter. It will help in protecting the peace of people by removing themselves from unwanted conversations.

20. Parliament of Nepal passed the first ever "Citizenship Amendment Bill" on 13th July 2022. The citizenship amendment bill was being discussed for over two years (since 2020), because it could not bring a consensus among political parties.

21. First BRICS Anti-Corruption Ministerial Meet was organised on 13th July 2022, under the chairmanship of China. During the virtual meet, member countries signed a communique of "BRICS Ministerial Meeting on Anti-Corruption". This meeting marked the presence of heads of BRICS anti-corruption agencies, UNODC and other international organizations.

22. Sea Guardians-2 Maritime Exercise was held from 10th July to 13th July 2022 at military port in Wusong, Shanghai. It was organised by Pakistan Navy and Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy. The navel exercise focuses improving joint response towards maritime security threats. It was the second edition of exercise. The first edition was organised in northern Arabian Sea off Karachi, in January 2020.

23. On 14th July 2022, the first India - Israel - UAE - USA (I2U2) Leader's Summit was organised, in virtual mode. This new Quad grouping is not gaining momentum. I2U2 grouping emerged as a result of rapidly increasing cooperation among its member countries.

24. List of World's 50 Greatest Places of 2022 were recently released by "Time Magazine". Ahmedabad and Kerala have been listed among 50 extraordinary places to explore. Ahmedabad and Kerala are big attraction for a huge number of tourists from India as well as abroad. Kerala is famous for its beaches and backwaters, on the other hand Ahmedabad is famous for Sabarmati riverfront and Gandhi Ashram.

25. On 14th July 2022, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) published its "Cost-of-Living Crisis in Developing Countries" report. As per report, global cost-of-living crisis is forcing another 71 million people in poorest countries of world, into extreme poverty.

26. On 14th July 2022 US President Joe Biden and Prime Minister of Israel Yair Lapid inked a joint strategic declaration in Jerusalem, which is officially called as "Jerusalem US - Israel Strategic Partnership Joint Declaration". In the Jerusalem Declaration, US pledge to use all elements under its national power, to ward off Iran from getting nuclear weapons.

27. US House of Representatives passed an amendment, that approves waiver to India against CAATSA Sanctions. Amendment was passed by voice vote. It provides waiver to India, under CAATSA sanctions, to purchase S-400 missile defence system from Russia. US's waiver is directed towards countering China.

28. The 10th EU-India Human Rights Dialogue was organised on 15th July 2022 in New Delhi. On the occasion, both India and the EU restated their commitment of protecting and promoting all human rights. India and EU highlighted the indivisibility, universality, interrelatedness and interdependence of human rights.

29. On 16th July 2022, the Jeddah Security and Development Summit was organised in Jeddah city of Saudi Arabia. The summit marked the presence of leaders of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and United States of America. During the summit, leaders highlighted the historic ties countries share. It aimed at boosting the countries joint cooperation across all the areas.

30. On 19th July 2022, Union Commerce and Industry minister Piyush Goyal attended the "Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)-Exim Bank Conclave on India - Africa Growth Partnership". During the conclave, he called to strengthen and expand India - Africa ties. According to him, India can present emerging technologies to expand commerce investment, trade, and opportunities for youth of Africa.

31. The 13th Petersburg Climate Dialogue was held on 19th and 20th July 2022 in Berlin, Germany. It was chaired by Germany and Egypt, which are also hosting the 2022 annual climate meet (COP-27). During the informal ministerial meeting, countries agreed on consensus and provide political direction in a bid to resolve divergences, with the objective of improving implementation of climate action, in line with the goal of COP-27.

32. In the recent weeks, Australian authorities have killed millions of honeybees in a bid to stop the spread of catastrophic parasite to its south-eastern part. Honey-sector in Australia is under huge threat from recent outbreak of deadly varroa mite. It is a sesame seed-sized parasite, discovered at a port in near Sydney recently.

33. On 20th July 2022, India and Namibia inked a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to reintroduction cheetahs in historical range in India. 8 Cheetahs (4 males and 4 females) are likely to reach India, in August 2022. They will be reintroduced in Kuno National Park of Madhya Pradesh.

34. Recently, the first case of Polio was reported in United States, nearly after a decade. An unvaccinated young adult from New York contracted polio and has developed paralysis. He developed symptoms around June 2022, even though he did not travel outside the country. Thus, it is likely that, he got contracted to vaccine-derived strain of the polio virus, perhaps from someone who received live vaccine.

35. At 52nd Director General-Level coordination conference, India and Bangladesh agreed to curb trans-border crimes and launch necessary measures for ensuring peace and tranquillity across the border. The conference was held from 17th July to 21st July 2022 in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

36. Indian Government has set up a "Multi-Agency Group for investigation of Foreign Asset Cases". The Group comprises of representatives from various enforcement Agencies and Organizations. It will involve in the investigation of various categories of foreign asset cases such as Paradise paper leaks, Panama paper leaks and Pandora paper leaks.

37. On 22nd July 2022, India made the contribution of USD 2.5 million towards the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA), for Palestine Refugees in Near East. Signing ceremony as held on 22nd July, at the headquarter of UNRWA in East Jerusalem. This contribution highlights India's strong demonstration and unwavering support to the work of UNRWA.

38. On 23rd July World Health Organisation (WHO) declared the monkeypox outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). Majority of the cases are being reported in WHO European Region. In India, 4 cases have been reported till date. Currently, most cases are being resolved without hospitalization or any medication. Death rate is also less.

39. Indermit Gill has recently been appointed as Chief Economist and Senior Vice President of Development Economics of the World Bank. He will succeed American economist Carmen Reinhart, for the post. He is currently the Vice President for Equitable Growth, Finance and Institution and is leading the work on macroeconomics, debt, poverty, trade and governance.

40. First stage of the Han Kuang Military Exercises was concluded recently and its second stage started on 25th July 2022. Second stage will run until 29th July. The exercises involve all branches of Military of Taiwan. A hostile enemy tried to seize control of key waterway near to capital of Taiwan.

41. The International Day for the Conservation of the Mangrove Ecosystem is observed on 26th July annually. It seeks to raise awareness on importance of mangrove ecosystems. Mangroves are considered as "a unique, special and vulnerable ecosystem". It also seeks to provide solutions for sustainable management, conservation and uses of the mangroves.

42. Oak Fire recently broke out in Mariposa, California. It is the largest fire so far in 2022, overtaking 17,242 acres area. US firefighters (3000 in numbers) are trying to control the wildfire and stop its eastward expansion towards Yosemite National Park. It is the largest Oak fire so far, following the similar incidents in 2020 and 2021.

43. Russia is all set to exit the International Space Station after 2024. Russia took this decision after escalation of tensions between Russia and the West due to Russian military intervention in Ukraine and sanctions against Russia. Russia and the United States have been working side by side on the International Space Station since 1998, when it was deployed.

44. The European Investment Bank (EIB) recently joined the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI). CDRI is led by India. EIB-CDRI coalition is aimed at limiting the destruction caused due to climate change. EIB will work in association with national governments, multilateral development banks, UN agencies and private sector for encouraging the fast development of infrastructure which are resilient to climate change and natural disasters in developing as well as developed countries.

45. India and Bangladesh have successfully completed the first "Cross-border logistics of Containerised cargo" through inland waterways of "Indo - Bangladesh Protocol Route for Coca-Cola Bangladesh Beverages". It has been completed by A. P. Moller – Maersk. Indo - Bangladesh Protocol Route also extends the connection to Bhutan.

46. The UN General Assembly (UNGA) recently passed a resolution that recognises the Healthy Environment as Human Right. India has voted in favour of this resolution. As per the resolution, right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment has become human right. UN General Assembly passed the resolution on 28th July 2022.

47. Recently, Zimbabwe launched gold coins named "Mosi-oa-Tunya" in a bid to control the inflation in country. The Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe announced the launch and distributed 2,000 coins to commercial banks. In July, the annual inflation rate increased to 190%, and thus interest rate of central bank increased by two times to 200%.

48. According to Union Minister for coal & mines (Pralhad Joshi), under "India-Australia Critical Minerals Investment Partnership", both the countries will explore investment opportunities in cobalt and lithium mineral assets. India and Australia have strengthened cooperation on critical minerals development projects and supply chains.

49. The MoEFCC recently notified Forest (conservation) Rules 2022, under Forest (conservation) Act, 1980. MoEFCC has proposed for removing imprisonment as a penalty for less severe contraventions. Imprisonment has been replaced with monetary penalty. However, serious violations of Environment Protection Act (EPA), leading to grievous injury or loss of life, will be covered under provision of Indian Penal Code.

50. Bonn Global Biodiversity Conclave is being organised in Bonn, Germany. This conclave is mainly focusing on sustainable use of wild species. During the conclave "Assessment on the Sustainable Use of Wild Species" report will be published at the 9th conference of "Intergovernmental Science Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES)".

51. In July 2022, Poland and other parts of East Europe are suffering due to persistent extreme heat. Earlier, France recorded the hottest May in history. Temperatures across Europe are climbing again. Wildfires are also catching due to heat in many countries and the continent is also suffering due to lengthy drought.

52. The QS Best Students Cities Rankings 2023 was published recently. In the ranking, London has been ranked as the best city. London was ranked best for students, who are looking to study abroad in terms of university standards, affordability and student facilities. London is followed by Seoul and Munich at second and third place.

53. The World Drugs Report 2022 was recently released by UN Office on Drugs and Crimes. As per report, legalization of Cannabis has increased its daily use and related health impacts. The report highlights the expansion of synthetic drugs in new markets, increase in manufacturing of cocaine, and the gaps in availability of drug treatments.

54. The Global Liveability Index 2022 was published by the "Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU)", recently. The Global Liveability index ranks cities across the globe for their "liveability quotient", on the basis of certain criteria. In the latest index, top 10 world's most liveable city list is dominated by Western European countries.

55. Draft "Drug, Medical Devices & Cosmetics Bill-2022" was released recently by Union Health Ministry. This draft bill 2022 will replace the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940, and other sets of Rules through which industry is currently run. It seeks to regulate medical devices as a separate entity, comprises of provision for fines & imprisonment in case of injury and death related to clinical trials or investigations. The bill also aims to regulate e-pharmacies.

Defence

1. Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully flight-tested Abhyas, which is a high-speed expendable aerial target (HEAT). This was flight-tested from Integrated Test Range (ITR) in Chandipur, off the Bay of Bengal coast in Odisha.

2. Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully carried out the maiden flight of an unmanned combat aircraft, called Autonomous Flying Wing Technology Demonstrator. The aircraft was tested in Chitradurga, Karnataka. It was maiden flight of the Autonomous Flying Wing Technology Demonstrator.

3. Union government brought the "Anti-Maritime Privacy Bill 2019", in line with India's commitment with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), 1982. India had ratified the UNCLOS in 1995. Anti-Maritime Piracy Bill 2019 was introduced in the aftermath of kidnapping of 18 Indians aboard a crude oil carrier, off the coast of Nigeria.

4. Sea Guardians-2 Maritime Exercise was held from 10th July to 13th July 2022 at military port in Wusong, Shanghai. It was organised by Pakistan Navy and Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy. The navel exercise focuses improving joint response towards maritime security threats.

5. Defence Minister Rajnath Singh inaugurated the first ever "Artificial Intelligence in Defence (AIDef) symposium and exhibition" on 11th July 2022. The AIDef symposium and exhibition was organised by Department of Defence Production under Ministry of Defence, as a part of Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav. It sought to promote "Aatmanirbharta" in Defence sector.

6. On 15th July 2022 Defence Minister Rajnath Singh inaugurated the second Project 17A stealth frigate 'Dunagiri'. Dunagiri frigate was launched into the Hooghly River in Kolkata. It will be a very big asset for India as it has the potential to conclude its work in any situation. The ship has been named after a mountain range "Dunagiri" in Uttarakhand. This mountain range was brought to Sri Lanka by Lord Hanuman to bring 'Sanjeevani Booti' for Lord Laxman.

7. On 16th July 2022, INS Sindhudhvaj was decommissioned from Indian Navy, after providing service for 35 years. Sindhudhvaj means "flag bearer at sea". This Ship was the flag bearer of indigenisation as well as efforts of Indian Navy in attaining Atma Nirbharta in Sindhughosh class submarines throughout her service in the Navy.

8. The "SPRINT Challenges" were launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi unveiled for Indian Navy, on 18th July 2022. SPRINT Challenge were launched during Swavlamban seminar in New Delhi. The seminar was organised by "Naval Innovation and Indigenisation Organisation (NIIO)".

9. The Indigenous aircraft carrier INS Vikrant was delivered to Indian Navy on 28th July 2022. It is India's first indigenous aircraft carrier that has been built by Cochin Shipyard. Thus, the final countdown for commissioning has started. INS Vikrant is a 45,000 tonne warship, constructed at a cost of around Rs. 20,000 crore.

Business, Economy & Banking

1. The Goods and Services Tax (GST) Day is observed annually on 1st July in India. There are three taxes application under the GST namely - CGST, SGST and IGST. Central government collects CGST on intra-state sale on the other hand, SGST is collected by state government on intra-state sale. Central government collects IGST on an inter-state sale.

2. Union government has transformed the "Banks Board Bureau (BBB)" into "Financial Services Institutions Bureau (FSIB)", through some amendments. Banks Board Bureau (BBB) was the head-hunter for directors of state-owned banks as well as financial institutions.

3. The Union Government authorised the State Bank of India (SBI) for issue of and encashing Electoral Bonds through its 29 Authorised Branches. Electoral Bonds are valid for fifteen calendar days from the date of issue and no payment is made to any payee Political Party, if the Electoral Bond is deposited after expiry of the validity period.

4. India's largest floating solar power plant was made fully operational by NTPC at Ramagundam, Telangana. The project is divided into 49 blocks. Each block has capacity of 2.5MW and each block comprise of one floating platform and a matrix of 11,200 solar modules. The capacity of solar plant is 100 MW.

5. Ministry of Heavy Industries (MHI) and Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE) recently signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for creating a collaborative ecosystem, which will imparting skill development training in capital goods sector. Partnership between MHI and MSDE aims to facilitate training in several engineering trades.

6. The National Health Authority (NHA) and IRDAI has decided to develop a National Health Claims Exchange. The National Health Claims Exchange will be developed as a digital platform, for settling the health claims. Chairman of IRDAI, Debasish Panda, has also proposed for creation of a working group with representation from industry.

7. According to Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE), the National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) will now be a part of Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) scheme. With the inclusion, the NAPS will provide direct government benefits to all apprentices.

8. The department for promotion of industry and internal trade (DPIIT) released third edition of "States' Start-up Ranking 2021", on 4th July 2022. In terms of developing 'start-up ecosystem for entrepreneurs', Gujarat and Karnataka emerged as the Best Performers among states including NCT of Delhi. Meghalaya was ranked first among UTs and North-eastern (NE) states.

9. The Railway Protection Force (RPF) recently recovered narcotics products of worth Rs. 7.40 Crore under its "Operation NARCOS". RPF, in coordination with the Narcotics Control Bureau, intensified its checks in trains and at identified black spots across the country.

10. The Hurun India Future Unicorn Index 2022 was released by Hurun Research Institute recently. As per index, India will have 122 new unicorns in next two to four years. As per report, Startups, Zepto, Shiprocket, Turtlemint are at the top list of probable unicorns.

11. On 4th July 2022, strategic disinvestment transaction of Neelachal Ispat Nigam Ltd (NINL) was completed. The disinvestment transaction was completed by transferring 93.71 percent stake of joint venture partners to Tata Steel Long Products Limited (TSLPL).

12. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued new guidelines for payment activities in India. Guidelines were issued under Section 10 (2) & Section 18 of "Payment and Settlement Systems Act of 2007". Non-bank payment system operators (PSOs) will need to take approval of the central bank before the takeover or acquisition of control, which may or may not change the management.

13. On 6th July 2022 the Start-up School India initiative was launched by Google. The Start-up School India Initiative was set into motion, with the aim of collecting relevant information on start-up and building it into a systematic curriculum. This move will extend help to 10,000 start-ups in Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities.

14. On 6th July 2022, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has liberalised the norms further in order to increase foreign exchange inflows. The central bank has also increased the borrowing limit for ECB under automatic route by two times. This decision was taken amid falling value of rupees against US dollars. Rupee has depreciated by 4.1% so far against US dollar in current financial year.

15. The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) gave the "Air Operator Certificate" to Akasa Air on 7th July 2022. Akasa is a start-up carrier, that has been promoted by ace stock market investor Rakesh Jhunjhunwala. It will start giving services in July end.

16. On 7th July 2022 Prime Minister Narendra Modi will inaugurate the "Akhil Bharatiya Shiksha Samaham" in Varanasi. He will also announce development projects worth Rs. 1,774 crore on the occasion. The Akhil Bharatiya Shiksha Samaham will be held by Union Ministry of Education. It will be held at international cooperation and convention centre called "Rudraksh".

17. On 7th July 2022, Government of Chhattisgarh approved its "Electric Vehicle (EV) Policy 2022". EV policy 2022 was approved with the objective of making Chhattisgarh an EV-manufacturing hub, reducing environment degradation and creating employment. Policy was approved during by Chief Minister Bhupesh Baghel at the cabinet meeting.

18. Sikkim and West Bengal recently agreed for a new Reciprocal Transport Agreement (2022), highlighting the problems with previous 2007 agreement. 2007 agreement had provided permits for only Gangtok, Pelling & Namchi districts in Sikkim and Kalimpong, Siliguri & Darjeeling districts in West Bengal. This was problematic for transporters of both the states.

19. Union Bank of India (UBI) recently launched its Metaverse Virtual Lounge, called 'Uni-verse', as well as "Open Banking Sandbox environment". Uni-verse is a Metaverse Virtual Lounge. This platform will help the customers to move around the lounge and collect information regarding bank's deposits, government welfare schemes, loans and digital initiatives.

20. APEDA (Agricultural and Processed Food Products Development and Authority) recently formulated a Strategy for the "promotion of Export of Agricultural and Horticulture products" from North-Eastern (NE) states of India. APEDA has launched a platform in Assam, which will help the exporters to get products from producer group and processors, directly.

21. On 9th July 2022, Union government launched "Jute Mark India logo", which will act as "certification of authenticity" for jute products. The certification from "jute mark India" will help in strengthening domestic market and exports of jute products from India. It will contain a unique QR code. Customers can get to know about producers by scanning the QR code.

22. The Natural Farming Conclave was organised on 10th July 2022. Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed the conclave in virtual mode and noted that 'Sabka Prayaas' is the base to boost India's development. The Natural Farming Conclave was organised in Surat, Gujarat.

23. On 11th July 2022 the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) notified new measures to settle down "international trades in rupee". This move will promote global trade and emphasise on exports from India. Thus, under the new mechanism, all the exports and imports can be denominated and invoiced in rupee.

24. The National Statistical Office (NSO) released data on India's retail inflation and Index of Industrial Production (IIP) on 12th July 2022. According to NSO data, in June 2022, the retail inflation was more than the upper tolerance limit of RBI for the sixth consecutive month.

25. National Conference of State Agriculture & Horticulture Ministers is being organised by Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare in Bengaluru on 14th July and 15th July 2022. This conference is being organised to commemorate Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav.

26. Old Electric recently uncovered India's first indigenously developed lithium-ion cell called "NMC 2170". Ola electric is an electric vehicle company, led by Bhavish Aggarwal. NMC 2170 was built in-house. Mass production of the cell will start at its upcoming Gigafactory by 2023.

27. Recently, a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was inked by SBICAP Ventures Limited (SVL) with Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) to set up the "Trilateral Development Cooperation Fund (TDC Fund)". SBICAP Ventures Limited is a subsidiary of State Bank of India (SBI).

28. Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs approved the construction of 116.65 km long Taranga Hill-Ambaji-Abu Road rail line. Taranga Hill-Ambaji-Abu Road Rail Line will be constructed at an estimated cost of Rs. 2,798.16 crore. Project is expected to be completed by 2026 - 27. It will link two states and three religious places. It will pass through Sirohi district in Rajasthan and Sabarkantha, Mahesana & Banaskantha, districts in Gujarat.

29. KVIC knowledge Portal for Khadi was inaugurated on 14th July 2022 by CEO of KVIC, Preeta Verma. This portal has been developed by Centre of Excellence for Khadi, in a bid to provide design directions to Khadi institutions. KVIC under Ministry of MSME, has set up the Centre of Excellence for Khadi at NIFT. This centre will extend support to Khadi Institutions.

30. The Social Statistic Division of National Statistical Office (NSO) recently released a report on proportion of Unmarried person in India. As per NSO report, percentage share of unmarried young people is increasing. This number is commonly increasing among men and women.

31. Bundelkhand Expressway was recently inaugurated in Jalaun, Uttar Pradesh by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Bundelkhand Expressway is a 296 km long expressway. It will pass through 7 districts and lastly connect with Agra-Lucknow expressway. The expressway will provide a seamless connectivity and boost economic progress in this region, by bringing in an industrial boom.

32. NIRF Rankings 2022 were released on 15th July 2022 by the Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan. In year 2022, rankings were announced in 11 categories viz., Engineering, Colleges, Universities, Management, Overall, Medical, Law, Architecture, Research, Dental and Pharmacy.

33. Recently, Jagriti Mascot was launched by the Department of Consumer Affairs (DoCA), in a bid to empower consumers and generate awareness on their rights. Jagriti Mascot will help in empowering consumers and generating awareness among them about "consumer rights".

34. Ashish Kumar Chauhan is all set to become the new chief of National Stock Exchange (NSE). Candidature of Ashish Kumar Chauhan was cleared by 'Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)'. He will become the managing director (MD) and chief executive officer (CEO) of NSE.

35. ReNew Energy Global plc recently refinanced its bonds worth USD 525 million, which was scheduled to get mature in 2024, from Indian non-banking financial company. The dollar-denominated bonds were refinanced with amortising project debt from Indian non-banking financial company. ReNew Energy Global Plc has become the first renewable energy company in India, to refinance the dollar-denominated bonds.

36. Kerala bas become the first and only state in India to launch its own internet service, Kerala Fibre Optic Network (KFON). It was announced by Chief Minister of Kerala, after Department of Telecommunications granted an Internet Service Provider (ISP) licence to KFON Ltd, to provide internet access to everyone in state.

37. NTPC has inked an agreement with Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) to create a joint venture company, in a bid to meet the power requirements for upcoming projects of IOC refineries. Both the entities have joined hands with the objective of increasing the usage and capacity of renewable energy sources in India.

38. 47th GST Council Meeting was held in Chandigarh. In a two-day meeting GST Council recommended rate changes on certain items. These changes will be made effective from 18th July 2022. GST on ink, lights, LED lamps and metal printed circuit board has been hiked to 18% from earlier 12%.

39. Union Government has constituted "Sanjay Agarwal Committee on Minimum Support Price (MSP)", to make it more effective and transparent. Committee has been created around eight months later the three farm Acts were repealed. The committee will be headed by Sanjay Agarwal.

40. On 19th July 2022, a simple four-tiered regulatory framework was adopted by the Central Bank, for Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs). The RBI adopted the framework on the basis of size of deposits. This move is aimed at strengthening their financial soundness.

41. Himachal Pradesh has become India's first state to connect the Vehicle Location Tracking Device (VLTD) with the Emergency Response Support System (ERSS). All the registered commercial vehicles equipped with VLRD will be connected with ERSS. Through this mechanism, these vehicles can be tracked anywhere in India. Over 9,423 vehicles have been registered and connected with ERSS.

42. On 20th July 2022, Union government reduced the windfall tax on petrol, diesel, crude oil and jet fuel, following the cut in international rates. Windfall tax on diesel and aviation turbine fuel (ATF) has been reduced by Rs. 2 per litre and that on export of petrol has been reduced by Rs. 6 per litre.

43. On 20th July 2022, NITI Aayog released a report on digital banks titled "A proposal for Digital Banks in India: Licensing and Regulatory Regime". In the report, government's think tank has provided template and roadmap for licensing and regulatory regime for India. NITI Aayog prepared this report on the basis of inter-ministerial consultations.

44. India recently became the largest recipient of remittances worldwide. As per World Bank, it received USD 87 billion in 2021, accounting for a growth of 4.6%. India is followed by China and Mexico, each accounting for USD 53 billion remittances. In India, the overall inward remittances remained adaptable during the pandemic situation.

45. Recently, the State Bank of India launched its "WhatsApp Banking Services". This service will help SBI customers to avail some of the banking services on WhatsApp. This will make banking easier for the customers as it will reduce the need of downloading the SBI app or going to ATM anymore. This service can be availed by sending a "Hi" Message on +919022690226.

46. Third edition of the India Innovation Index released by NITI Aayog on 21st July 2022. The index assesses performance of states in innovation ecosystem on the basis of NITI Aayog's ranking released the previous year. 2021 report was prepared in the backdrop of covid-19 pandemic.

47. Transport Research Wing of Ministry of Road Transport & Highways released its annual publication "The Basic Road Statistics of India 2018 - 19", on the road sector. This edition presents information regarding different facets of road statistics across India, during 2018 - 19.

48. Recently, India's GDP Growth Forecast for current financial year was lowered to 7.2 percent by Morgan Stanley. It marked a reduction by 40 basis points, as compared to last forecast. Growth forecast was lowered in light of a slowdown in global growth. Morgan Stanley has also reduced the Growth Forecast for 2023 - 24 by 30 basis points to 6.4%. India's overall exports to GDP is at 21 percent.

49. As per NITI Aayog's India Innovation Index 2021, gross expenditure on research and development (R&D) in India is lowest in the world. India spends USD 43 per capita on R&D. India Innovation Index was recently released by NITI Aayog, providing ranks to states and union territories based on their innovation performance.

50. The Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC) recently released its "India Bioeconomy Report 2022". Report has been prepared on the basis of data on contribution of biotech sector to the economy. As per report, India's bioeconomy is expected to reach USD 150 billion by 2025 and more than USD 300 billion by 2030.

51. In order to operationalise National Land Management Corporation (NLMC), Central government has appointed a joint secretary to the Department of Public Enterprises (DPE). He will work as an interim chief executive officer (CEO) of special purpose vehicle. He will monetise the surplus land and buildings of public sector undertakings (PSUs).

52. On 26th July 2022, India started its biggest-ever spectrum auction, involving telephone and internet data signals. Under the spectrum process, 72 GHz (gigahertz) of 5G airwaves have been put on offer at the cost of Rs. 4.3 lakh crore. Fifth generation or 5G spectrum offers ultra-high speeds, which is 10 times more than the speed of 4G.

53. Chief Minister of Jharkhand, Hemant Soren, launched the "Jharkhand Tourism Policy" with the aim of reviving, renewing and revamping the tourism sector in State. With this policy, state shall no more be known for extractions. Its attractions would mesmerize India and the world.

54. Government of Rajasthan recently signed a MoU with Stree Nidhi Credit Cooperative Federation of Telangana government to set up first ever all women-run cooperative bank called "Rajasthan Mahila Nidhi". It will promote women's empowerment by extending support to their enterprises.

55. India's economic growth forecast has been reduced from 8.2% to 7.4%. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) released India's growth prediction in its World Economic Outlook on 26th July 2022. IMF reduced the estimate to 7.4% due to vulnerability of Indian economy considering the external shocks and rapid monetary policy tightening.

56. According to Minister of State for Finance, Bhagwat Karad, amount involved in bank frauds as well as select financial institutions has decreased by 8% in past two years. The amount has decreased from Rs. 32,178 crore in 2019 - 20 to Rs. 3,785 crore in 2021 - 22. As per RBI data, in 2020 - 21, frauds involving Rs. 11,800 were detected.

57. Merger of Bharat Broadband Network Limited (BBNL) with the Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) was recently approved by the Union Cabinet. BSNL will work as government's executive arm and the ownership of assets will be with the government. Currently, BSNL has an optical fibre cable network of more than 6.83 lakh kilometre.

58. Prime Minister Narendra Modi will launch the "India International Bullion Exchange" on 29th July 2022. It will be operationalised at the "Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT City)". On the occasion, Prime Minister Modi will also lay down the foundation stone of IFSC Authority (IFSCA) headquarter building.

59. Recently, government announced for companies to spend CSR funds on activities related to 'Har Ghar Tiranga' campaign. Government is organising the "Har Ghar Tiranga Campaign" as a part of Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav. The campaign is intended to encourage people to hoist national flag at their home to celebrate the 75th years of India's independence.

60. Adventure Tourism was recently recognised as a "Niche Tourism Product" by the Ministry of Tourism. Adventure Tourism includes Water Sports activities. It received the recognition in a bid to promote country, including Bihar, as a 365 days destination as well as to attract tourist with specific interest.

61. 11th Agriculture Census 2021 - 22 was launched by Union Minister Narendra Singh Tomar on 28th July 2022. It was launched to gather data on several parameters, including operational holdings. This year, data will be collected via smartphones and tablets for the first time. Agriculture Census is conducted after every 5 years.

62. Bandhan Bank recently inaugurated its currency chest in Deedargunj, Patna. It is the first ever currency chest of the Bandhan bank. It will help in cash management for ATMs and branches in Patna. Currency chest of Bandhan Bank would help people, small traders and MSMEs in supplying currency notes to the bank branches and the ATMs, when it is required.

63. Agriculture Minister Narendra Singh Tomar is set to present Agriculture Infrastructure Fund Awards on 30th July 2022 in New Delhi. Awards are presented as a part of Agriculture Infrastructure Fund, which was launched in the year 2020, under Aatmanirbhar Bharat Initiative. It is a central government scheme.

64. Gujarat Government recently unveiled a dedicated 'Gujarat Semiconductor Policy 2022 - 27'. The policy aims created at least 2,00,000 new employment opportunities over the five years. Gujarat is the first state in India to release a dedicated semiconductor policy. Government has also proposed to develop a special 'Semicon City' as a part of Dholera Special Investment region.

Science & Technology

1. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched PSLV-C53 mission from Sri harikota, Andhra Pradesh. It carried three satellites from Singapore. PSLV-C53 is the second dedicated commercial mission of the space agency's commercial arm NewSpace India Limited (NSIL).

2. Health Minister of Kerala, Veena George, recently confirmed the outbreak of Anthrax in Athirappilly of Thrissur district, after finding several carcasses of wild boar. Anthrax is a serious infectious disease, which is caused by spore-forming bacteria.

3. Researchers have developed a rapid Covid-19 test, called "CoVarScan rapid Covid-19 test". This test will help in identifying different variants of SARS-CoV-2 in some hours. The CoVarScan test detects the signatures of eight hotspots on SARS-CoV-2 virus. It was tested on over 4,000 patient's samples.

4. On 4th July 2022 Union Minister of State for Science & Technology, Jitendra Singh, recently inaugurated India's first Autonomous Navigation facility called TiHAN. TiHAN was inaugurated at the campus of IIT Hyderabad. Union Ministry of Science and technology has developed the navigation facility with an outlay of Rs. 130 crores.

5. IISc researchers recently developed a prototype of an analog chipset called "ARYABHAT-1". The team has created a design framework to develop next-generation analog computing chipsets. These chipsets may operate faster. It will use less power as compared to digital processors used in different electronic gadgets.

6. On 5th July 2022, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), world's most powerful particle collider, started smashing protons into each other, at levels of energy that did not exist before. Now, scientists will record and analyse the data. It is likely to throw up evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model of Particle Physics.

7. An Artificial Intelligence-based tool called 'PIVOT' has been developed by researchers at the Indian institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras). PIVOT is capable of predicting cancer-causing genes in patients. This AI-based tool will help in formulating strategies for personalized cancer treatment.

8. Researchers from US Lawrence-Berkeley Lab recently developed "POP-FAME", which is a fuel from a bacterium. It has more energy than even the rocket fuels have. As per simulation data, POP-FAME fuel has energy density values more than 50 megajoules per litre, against 32 MJ for petrol and 35 MJ for RP-1, which is a rocket fuel based on kerosene.

9. On 12th July 2022, the CEO of Serum Institute of India (SII) Adar Poonawalla announced company's plans to roll out its indigenously-developed vaccine for the prevention of cervical cancer among women. The Drugs Controller General of India (DCGI) has also accorded the market authorisation to SII for manufacturing the vaccine for cervical cancer.

10. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Dark Matter Detector recently passed the check-out phase of the operation and generated first results. LZ Dark Matter Detector has been installed deep down the Black Hills in South Dakota in Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF). The experiment is led by DOE's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab).

11. Researchers from Indian Institute of Science (IISc) recently conducted an experiment to inactivate the SARS-CoV-2 virus, in collaboration with the CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology. Researchers found the design of a new class of synthetic peptides. The peptides can block the entry of SARS-CoV-2 virus entry into cells, besides grouping the virus particles together. This way, the ability of virus to infect also reduces.

12. CRS-25 SpaceX Cargo Dragon spacecraft was launched, recently. It was launched from "launch complex 39A" of the Kennedy Space Centre towards International Space Station. It was scheduled to be launched in June 2022, but the launch got delayed by over a month due to a hydrazine leak on the spacecraft.

13. In West Bengal, around 65 cases of Kala Azar (black fever) were reported across 11 districts in recent weeks. However, there is no outbreak of the disease in state and cases are in limit, set by Union government. Union government aims to reduce Black fever cases to less than one per 10,000 population at block level, in a bid to eliminate the disease.

14. Recently, a study was conducted on new specimens of Cornechiniscus, found from Kyrgyzstan, Argentina and Italy. Tardigrades were first discovered in 1773. They are a diverse group of microscopic invertebrates. They are best known for their capability to survive in extreme conditions. The species is also called as water bears or moss piglets. The maximum age of the species can be 60 years. They grow up to a maximum size of 0.5 mm.

15. James Webb Telescope will help in discovery of water on distant planet. This telescope will help the researchers in measuring the chemical makeup of atmospheres of planets across other stars. Researchers hope that, one or more of the planets will show chemical signature of life.

16. On 19th July 2022, Wipro reorganised its operating model from being industry-organised to market-organised. Under this transformation, it has target to invest USD 1 billion in cloud services vertical and emerging areas like web 3.0. Web or World Wide Web is the basic stage for how internet is used. It provides website and application services.

17. Recently, Open Radio Access Network Technology (O-RAN) certificates were awarded to Keysight Open Radio Access Network Architect (KORA) solutions enabled MICAS. MICAS is a world class Independent Design House, that provides signal chain reference solutions including O-RU (FR1 and FR2) reference designs. O-RAN Conformance Certification was issued by Asia & Pacific OTIC in PRC (APOP).

18. A Desalination Plant has been developed by National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), that will convert the saline or saltish seawater into drinking water. This technology has been successfully demonstrated in Lakshadweep islands. The Desalination Plant is based on Low Temperature Thermal Desalination (LTTD) technology.

19. Recently, Aadhaar FaceRD App was revealed by the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI). This app would allow the Aadhaar Authentication User Agencies (AUA) to capture person's face for authentication purposes. UIDAI has developed the "Aadhaar Face Authentication Technology" in house.

20. China's new scientific lab "Wentian Space Station Module" was launched recently onboard Long March 5B launch vehicle. The module was docked with the China's under-construction space station on 25th July 2022. It was the second module of the three modules planned for the space station.

21. According to recent report, Crypto Jacking has increased to a record high in 2022, even though the number of digital assets has decreased. In the first half of 2022, the number of global crypto jacking has increased by approximately USD 66 million as compared to 2021.

22. On 29th July 2022, the "Nilekani Centre at AI4Bharat" was launched, in a bid to build Open-Source AI for Indian Languages. It was launched by the Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT) Madras. The Nilekani Centre at AI4Bharat will work to advance Indian Language technology.

23. Google Maps recently launched its "street view service" in 10 cities in India in association with two local companies Genesys International and Tech Mahindra. Earlier, government had not allowed to show the panoramic images of roads and other sited, highlighting the security reasons.

Government Schemes

1. Government's think-tank, NITI Aayog recently launched a report titled 'Take Home Ration-Good Practices across the State/Union Territories', in collaboration with the World Food Programme (WFP). NITI Aayog-WEP report on Take-Home Ration, presents a set of good and innovative practices, that have been adopted by states & UTs, in implementation of Take-Home Ration value chain.

2. Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh, Jai Ram Thakur, launched the "Naari ko Naman" Scheme, for women of the state. This scheme has been launched, in line with an announcement made before state assembly elections. Himachal Pradesh government has announced to give 50% discount in ticket prices to women in state government buses.

3. According to Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE), the National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) will now be a part of Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) scheme. With the inclusion, the NAPS will provide direct government benefits to all apprentices.

4. State Ranking Index for National Food Security Act (NFSA) 2022 was released by Central government recently. In the index, Odisha has emerged as number one state in India. Odisha was ranked first, for bringing resilient food systems in state, in a bid to optimise the delivery of benefits.

5. Mission Kushal Karmi was launched by Deputy Chief Minister of Delhi, Manish Sisodia, on 6th July 2022. Mission Kushal Karmi was launched to improve the skills of construction workers. This mission was launched by Delhi government, in association with the Delhi Building & Other Construction Workers Welfare Board and Delhi Skill & Entrepreneurship University (DSEU).

6. On 7th July 2022 Ministry of Women and Child Development (WCD) released new guidelines for the "Mission Vatsalya", which was launched to provide child protection services. In the guidelines, states have been mandated to retain the official and original name of the Mission Vatsalya, in order to access Central funds and benefits.

7. Central Government gave in-principle nod to Government of Chhattisgarh to proceed with a USD 300 million school education project. This project is being negotiated by Chhattisgarh government in association with the World Bank. For this borrowing, government will be allowed to pay at a lower price, compared to the market rates of interest.

8. On 11th July 2022 "New Delhi SAH-BHAGITA" scheme was launched by the Lieutenant Governor Vinai Kumar Saxena. New Delhi SAH-BHAGITA Scheme was launched to make Resident Welfare Associations (RWAs) partners in tax collection and waste management ecosystem in Delhi. It is aimed at improving efficiency and compliance in tax collection by encouraging RWAs.

9. Ministry of Women and Child Development recently released guidelines for 'Mission Shakti' scheme. Mission Shakti is a scheme, launched in mission mode. It aims to strengthen interventions for safety, security and empowerment of women. It aims to realise the commitment of government for "women-led development".

10. Union Government had launched the "Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana-I (PMGSY-I)", to provide rural connectivity. As of 13th July 2022, road length of 6,45,566 km has been sanctioned and 6,17,013 km has been completed. PMGSY phase-I was launched as a one time special intervention to impart rural connectivity, by providing a single all weather road.

11. On 18th July 2022, Union government unveiled the "National Standards for Civil Service Training Institutions (NSCSTI)", with the aim of raising their quality and capacity. With this, India has become the world's first country to launch a unique model for creating a national level standard for civil service training institutions.

12. On 21st July 2022, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilisers unveiled three schemes in order to strengthen Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in pharmaceutical sector. Schemes were launched under the banner of 'Strengthening Pharmaceuticals Industry' (SPI). SIDBI will act as project management consultant to implement the scheme.

13. State Government of Andhra Pradesh has decided to implement the "Family Doctor Project" on pilot basis in Padmanabham mandal of Visakhapatnam district. This Project will be launched with the aim of improving health services, among rural population. The doctor will provide patient services for the residents of ward from 9 a.m. to 12.30 p.m.

Awards & Honours

1. On 5th July 2022, the International Mathematical Union (IMU) announced the winners of the 2022 Fields Medals. It is the highest honour given in the field of mathematics and is awarded to people aged below 40. Winners were announced at an award ceremony in Helsinki.

2. The Government of Japan decided to honour former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe with Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum, posthumously. Shinzo Abe was the longest-serving PM of Japan. He is the fourth former prime minister to get the Japan's highest order, under post-war Constitution. Shinzo Abe was assassinated on 8th July 2022, while he was campaigning for election in the city of Nara.

3. Droupadi Murmu recently elected as the 15th President of India. She is scheduled to take oath in 25th July 2022. There was the contest between Droupadi Murmu (BJP-led NDA candidate) and Yashwant Sinha (Joint Opposition Candidate), for the President's position.

4. Soorarai Pottru won the best feature film award at the 68th National Film Awards. Overall, Soorarai Pottru won three out of four biggest awards while Tanhaji also won major trophies. Best Actor Award was shared by actors Suriya for Soorarai Pottru and Ajay Devgan for Tanjaji. Best Actress award was given to Aparna Balamurali for Soorarai Pottru. Best Director award given to K. R. Sachidanandan for Ayyappanum Koshiyum.

5. Winston Churchill Leadership Award was presented to President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelensky. British Prime Minister Boris Johnson presented the award on 26th July 2022, after comparing Winston Churchill and Zelensky in times of crises. Volodymyr Zelensky received the award in virtual mode, during a ceremony at held at London Office of Boris Johnson.

Sports

1. On 17th July 2022 P. V. Sindhu acquired the first Super 500 title in her career, after defeating Asian champion Wang Zhi Yi from China. P. V. Sindhu secured the title, by defeating Wang Zhi Yi by 21-9, 11-21, 21-15 in the final of Singapore Open.

2. The Indian Olympic Association (IOA) inked a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Gujarat Olympic Association (GOA) and Gujarat State Government to jointly conduct the 36th National Games 2022 on 22nd July. It will be held across 6 cities of Gujarat, in which all the 28 states and 8 Union Territories will participate. In all, 36 sports will be hosted, in line with the tagline "Sports for Unity".

3. Prime Minister Narendra Modi is scheduled to inaugurate 44th International Chess Olympiad on 28th July 2022. The Olympiad will be inaugurated at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in Chennai. The International Chess Olympiad is scheduled to held in India, for the first time, after it moved out of Russia.

4. The 2022 Commonwealth Games was officially inaugurated on 28th July 2022, following a grand opening ceremony at the Alexander Stadium in Birmingham. During the event, Indian contingent was led by P. V. Sindhu and Manpreet Singh. Neeraj Chopra will not take part in the CWG 2022 due to an injury.

5. Reliance Industries (RIL) has partnered with Indian Olympic Association (IOA) to set up first-ever India House at Paris Olympics 2024. RIL-IOA partnership is directed towards elevation of performances of Indian athletes. They will also extend support to national sports federations.

References:
jagranjosh.com
gktoday.in
business-standard.com

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