Practice MCQ Questions and answers on Biology-GK

A Golgi body, also known as a Golgi apparatus, is a cell organelle that helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules, especially proteins destined to be exported from the cell.

The nucleus is the largest organelle in a eukaryotic cell and is considered to be the cell's control center. It contains most of the cell's DNA, which makes up chromosomes and is encoded with the genetic instructions for making proteins.

In plants, photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts, which contain the chlorophyll. Chloroplasts are surrounded by a double membrane and contain a third inner membrane, called the thylakoid membrane, that forms long folds within the organelle.

By the late 1830s, botanist Matthias Schleiden and zoologist Theodor Schwann were studying tissues and proposed the unified cell theory. The unified cell theory states that: all living things are composed of one or more cells; the cell is the basic unit of life; and new cells arise from existing cells.

Biologists mainly deal with matters relating to living part of nature, non living things influencing living things and how life works.

Mitochondria are often called the “powerhouses” or “energy factories” of a cell because they are responsible for making adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's main energy-carrying molecule.

In all life forms, including bacteria, plants, animals, and humans, the cell was defined as the most basic structural and functional unit.

Cells also contain mitochondria and peroxisomes, which are the organelles responsible for producing the cell's energy supply and detoxifying certain chemicals, respectively. Biochemical reactions within mitochondria transform energy-carrying molecules into the usable form of cellular energy known as ATP.

The three parts of the cell theory are as follows:
(1) All living things are made up of cells,
(2) Cells are the smallest units (or most basic building blocks) of life, and
(3) All cells come from pre-existing cells through the process of cell division.

Both animal and plant cells have mitochondria, but only plant cells have chloroplasts. Plants don't get their sugar from eating food, so they need to make sugar from sunlight. This process (photosynthesis) takes place in the chloroplast.