Practice MCQ Questions and answers on Biology-GK

Sodium bicarbonate is baking soda.

The term 'ozone hole' refers to the depletion of the protective ozone layer in the upper atmosphere (stratosphere) over Earth's polar regions. Stratospheric ozone is constantly produced by the action of the sun's ultraviolet radiation on oxygen molecules (known as photochemical reactions).

Pine, fir, spruce, cedar, larch and cypress are the famous timber-yielding plants of which several also occur widely in the hilly regions of India. All these belong to gymnosperms, a taxonomic class that includes plants whose seeds are not enclosed in an ovule.

Pollination can be best defined as the transfer of pollen from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma to produce new offspring.

Plants receive their nutrients mainly from soil.

Active transport, this is the only transport method that can move species against their concentration gradient (from low to high concentration). Facilitated diffusion only moves species down their concentration gradient from high to low concentration.

In plants, the process of photosynthesis takes place in the mesophyll of the leaves, inside the chloroplasts. Chloroplasts contain disc-shaped structures called thylakoids, which contain the pigment chlorophyll.

Fishes have a swim bladder or air bladder which helps them to remain buoyant without sinking in water. They are present in the body cavity.

We know that, proteins are polymers of amino acids. So, plants are also used to synthesise protein from amino acids. Hence, plants synthesis protein from amino acids in the presence of ATP by specific synthetases.

The plant cells absorb nitrates from the soil and convert them into ammonia which ultimately reduced to ammonium ions (NH4+). These ammonium ions are then combined with organic compounds to form amino acids such as glutamine i.e., free nitrogen. This process of conversion is known as nitrogen fixation.