Agriculture And Soil In Indian Geography MCQ Question and Answer | Geography MCQ Question

Fedology (pedon+logos) which means scientific study of soil. Pedology (derived from a Greek word "pedon" which means oil" and "logos' means "study").

Pedocal is made up of two words pedo+cal here 'pedo' means soil and 'cal' means calcium i.e. soils which are rich in calcium are termed as pedocals.

The soil formed by the deposition of silt brought by rivers is Alluvial soil. Alluvial soil is the main and important soil that spreads across the river plains. They are formed by deposition of materials or sediments (alluvium) brought in down by rivers that consist of silt, sand, clay, etc.

Saline and Alkaline soils types of soils is found throughout India in all climatic zones. Most coastal saline soils are found in the deltaic regions of major rivers in India falling either into Bay of Bengal or the Arabian Sea. Alkaline Soils are also known as Usara soils. Various local names for saline soils are Reh, Kallar, and Chopan, Rakar, Thur, Karl etc.

Clayey soil retains maximum water. Clay soil has small, fine particles, which is why it retains the most amount of water.

Here's the order of these soils in descending order of area in India:

Alluvial soils (IV) - These are the most extensive soils in India, found in the Indo-Gangetic plains and along river banks. They are highly fertile.
Black soils (II) - Also known as Regur soils, they are found in the Deccan Plateau region. They are suitable for cotton and some other crops.
Red soils (I) - These are found in many parts of India, especially in peninsular India. They are less fertile than alluvial soils.
Laterite soils (III) - These are mainly found in the western coastal areas, northeastern states, and parts of southern India. They are less fertile and may have a high iron content.
So, the correct order in descending area is Option B: IV, II, I, III.

The soil which is a mixture of sand, clay and silt is known as Loamy soil. Loamy soil is a mixture of sand, clay and another type of soil particle known as silt.

Clay soil and Sandy soil are component of Loamy soil. Loamy soil is a mixture of sand, clay and another type of soil particle known as silt.

The soils of the plains have not been derived only from the rocks existing locally. Plains are associated with high productivity due to the generally reliable summer precipitation, a long growing season, and deep, fertile soils. Productivity is greatest in the eastern region (tallgrass prairie), followed by mixed grass, then shortgrass prairie.

Tea, coffee, pepper, cardamom and coconut are crops of plantation agriculture.