Agriculture And Soil In Indian Geography MCQ Question and Answer | Geography MCQ Question

The formation of laterite soil is mainly due to Leaching. Main reason of laterite soils formation is due to intense leaching. Leaching happens due to high tropical rains and high temperature. These soils have mainly developed in the higher areas of the peninsular plateau.

In the agricultural resources, cereals comprise of Rice, wheat, millets. The seven principal cereals grown in the world are wheat, maize, rice, barley, oats, rye and sorghum. Wheat became very popular because of the bread produced.

Alluvial soil is the most fertile soil in India. Alluvial soils is are formed by the deposits of the sediments brought by rivers. Most of the rivers originate from the Himalayas and bring along high amount of sediments with them. The soil is made up of particles like silt, sand and clay. It has adequate amount of phosphoric acid, potash and lime. Alluvial soil is of two types - (i) old alluvium known as bangar, and (ii) new alluvium called khaddar. It is the most important type of soil found in the country as it covers about 40% of the total land.

Lateritic soil Which is formed by the process of leaching is predominant on the Eastern and Western coast of India. This soil is found in the regions having high temperature and high rainfall.

Alluvial soils are not generally rich in phosphorus but poor in potash. The alluvial soils are generally rich in potash but poor in phosphorous. In the Upper and Middle Ganga plain, two different types of alluvial soils have developed, viz. Khadar and Bhangar. Khadar is the new alluvium and is deposited by floods annually, which enriches the soil by depositing fine silts.

Clay, Silt, Sand and Gravel is the correct order of increasing size of the grains of soil particles.

Among the options given above rain is the most important factor which affects the agriculture in India. Indian agriculture is heavily dependent on monsoon and the regional variations in production and type of agriculture are a manifestation of rainfall variations.

Black soils are found in Deccan plateau. These soils are rich in lime,iron and alumina and have high moisture retention capacity so these are best suited for cotton cultivation.

Regur soils is formed differently from the other three. Black soil is formed from the weathering of igneous rocks and the cooling of lava after the volcano eruption. It is known as Regur soil, cotton soil and lava soil.

The salinity of soil is measured by Electrical Conductivity Meter. Water and soil salinity are measured by passing an electric current between the two electrodes of a salinity meter in a sample of soil or water. The electrical conductivity or EC of a soil or water sample is influenced by the concentration and composition of dissolved salts.