He fell and was taken to . . . . . . . . hospital.

In the sentence "He fell and was taken to . . . . . . . . hospital", we need to consider whether we are talking about a specific hospital or just a hospital in general.
When someone is injured and taken to "hospital", it is usually understood to mean the local hospital or a hospital for treatment. Therefore, it does not refer to a specific hospital that was previously mentioned.

In British English, when referring to an institution like "hospital" in general, we don't usually use an article. Similarly we don't use an article for school or prison if we are the patient, student, or prisoner.

Therefore, the correct answer is D: none of the above because no article is necessary in this sentence.