Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

A. Longidorus - Needle nematode
Longidorus is a genus of needle nematodes. Some of its species are plant pests. They may also transmit important plant viruses such as the potato virus U or the cacao necrosis virus.
B. Pratylenchus - Lesion nematode
Pratylenchus is a genus of nematodes known commonly as lesion nematodes. They are parasitic on plants and are responsible for root lesion disease. Lesion nematodes are migratory endoparasites that feed and reproduce in the root.
C. Ditylenchus - Bulb nematode
Ditylenchus dipsaci is a plant pathogenic nematode that primarily infects onion and garlic. It is commonly known as the stem nematode or bulb nematode. Symptoms of infection include stunted growth, discoloration of bulbs and swollen stems.
D. Tylenchulus - Cyst nematode is not correctly matched.
Tylenchulus semipenetrans is a Citrus nematode or Citrus root nematode. It is a species of plant pathogenic nematodes and the causal agent of the slow decline of citrus.

The scientific name of the burrowing nematode is Radopholus sp.
Radopholus similis is a species of nematode known commonly as the burrowing nematode. It is a parasite of plants, and it is a pest of many crops.
It is an especially important pest of bananas and citrus, and it can be found on coconut, avocado, coffee, sugarcane, other grasses, and ornamentals.
It is a migratory endoparasite of roots, causing lesions that form cankers. Infected plants experience malnutrition.

In 1943, Bengal faced a serious famine which cause a great loss in rice yield, caused by Helminthosporium oryzae.
The Bengal famine of 1943 was a famine in the Bengal province of British India during World War II. It was attributed to the Helminthosporium oryzae rice brown spot disease in India.
Bengal famine of 1943, where the crop yield dropped by 40% to 90% and the death of 2 million people were recorded. It is a possible agroterrorism weapon.
Brown spot of rice is a plant fungal disease that usually occurs on the host leaves and glume, as well as seedlings, sheaths, stems and grains of adult host plants.

The protein content of a virus is 60 - 95%.
A viral protein is both a component and a product of a virus. Viral proteins are grouped according to their functions, and groups of viral proteins include structural proteins, nonstructural proteins, regulatory proteins, and accessory proteins.
Most viral structural proteins are components of the capsid and the envelope of the virus.

The largest amount of phosphate bond energy is produced in the process of respiration during the Krebs cycle.
The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, also known as the Krebs or citric acid cycle, is the main source of energy for cells and an important part of aerobic respiration.
The Krebs cycle is used by organisms that respire (as opposed to organisms that ferment) to generate energy, either by anaerobic respiration or aerobic respiration.
The cycle harnesses the available chemical energy of acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA) into the reducing power of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH).

Potato spindle tuber disease is transmitted mechanically.
The disease is mechanically transmitted by contact between healthy and diseased plants, tractor wheels, tools, etc. Within potato plants, it is found most readily in the upper leaves and tubers.
Transmission in the true seed of potato depends upon the cultivar. This disease can pass through both the pollen and ovule.

Chlorophyllous cells are fewer in number, and unique in shape with inner walls thicker are Guard cells.
Guard cells are specialized plant cells in the epidermis of leaves, stems and other organs that are used to control gas exchange. They are produced in pairs with a gap between them that forms a stomatal pore.
Guard cells have low chlorophyll content and, low activity levels of RUBISCO and Calvin-Benson cycle enzymes.

Northern blotting is used for the detection of RNA. The northern blot, or RNA blot, is a technique used in molecular biology research to study gene expression by detection of RNA (or isolated mRNA) in a sample.
The northern blot technique was developed in 1977 by James Alwine, David Kemp, and George Stark at Stanford University.
Northern blotting involves the use of electrophoresis to separate RNA samples by size, and detection with a hybridization probe complementary to part of or the entire target sequence.

Efficient fertilizers use results in more crop per kg fertilizer.
The term "fertilizer efficiency" is defined as the amount of increase in yield of the harvested portion of the crop per unit of fertilizer nutrient applied where high yields are obtained.
The timing and quantity of fertilizer depending on the source of fertilizer, nutrient content combination, and their interactions with land and land use aspects were crucial elements for getting an optimum response to fertilizer.

The greatest damage to fertilizer is caused by Hooks.
Plastic bags and burlap sacks are the most popular fertilizers. Burlap sacks have been around for a long time and still going strong.
Hooks used to hold and pick bags causes holes in the bag. Granular products absorb moisture from the air, causing them to cake up like cement and thus, causing maximum damage to them.