Plant Pathology MCQ Question and Answer | Agriculture MCQ Question

A piece of potato tube will form a new plant if it has Scales/eyes.
The tubers then serve as a nutrient store that allows the plant to survive the cold and later regrows and reproduce.
Each tuber has from two to as many as 10 buds (or “eyes”), arranged in a spiral pattern around its surface. The buds generate shoots that grow into new plants when conditions are again favourable.

The disease ergot of rye produces sclerotia caused by Claviceps purpurea.
Ergot (Claviceps purpurea) is a fungal parasite of cereals and grasses that produces toxic alkaloids.
The infection of wheat occurs at the flowering stage, and the fungus sclerotia, commonly called "ergot bodies," grows in place of the kernel. Ergot bodies are similar in size and shape to wheat kernels.

Boron deficiency in fodder crops can be seen when boron is 1 - 2%.
Boron deficiency is a common deficiency of the micronutrient boron in plants. It is the most widespread micronutrient deficiency around the world and causes large losses in crop production and crop quality.
Boron is an essential micronutrient which means it is essential for plant growth and development but is required in very small quantities. Although Boron requirements vary among crops, the optimum boron content of the leaves for most crops is 20 - 100 ppm. Excess boron can result in boron toxicity and the toxicity level varies between plants.

The size of the chlorophyll molecule is Head 15 × 15A°, tail 20A°C.
Chlorophylls absorb light most strongly in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as the red portion.
Most chlorophylls are classified as chlorins, which are reduced relatives of porphyrins. They share a common biosynthetic pathway with porphyrins, including the precursor uroporphyrinogen III. Appended to the chlorin ring are various side chains, usually including a long phytyl chain (C₂₀H₃₉O).
The chlorophyll molecule has a porphyrin ring of 1.5 nm by 1.5 nm and a phytol tail of about 2.0 nm length.

The fungi which transmit plant viruses belong to class Plasmodiophoromycetes.
It is an odd group of endoparasites that live almost their entire life cycle inside a cell of another organism.
They lack cell walls in the assimilative state and reproduce using swimming spores (with two unequal whiplash flagella), the only part of their life cycle that does not occur inside a cell.

Black heart is a physiological disorder of Potato.
Physiological disorders of potato tubers encountered in this study included black heart, brown core, cold damage, greening, growth cracks, loose skin, enlarged lenticells, malformation, sprouting and vascular browning.
Blackheart is a physiological disorder caused by a lack of oxygen, leading to dark, necrotic cavities. The symptoms are an irregular-shaped area that turns black to blue-black with a distinct border.

The nematodes are Triploblastic.
Triblobtastic organisms are those in which there are three primary germ layers: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
Nematodes are very small, slender worms: typically about 5 to 100 µm thick, and 0.1 to 2.5 mm long. The smallest nematodes are microscopic, while free-living species can reach as much as 5 cm, and some parasitic species are larger still, reaching over 1 m in length.  The body is often ornamented with ridges, rings, bristles, or other distinctive structures.

Fertilizers are added to increase soil Fertility.
Fertilizer is a material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soil or to plant tissues to supply plant nutrients. Fertilizers may be distinct from liming materials or other non-nutrient soil amendments.
Farmers apply these fertilizers in a variety of ways, through dry or pelletized or liquid application processes, using large agricultural equipment or hand tool methods.

Fertiliser P reacts in the soil to form compounds with Al, Fe, Ca.
Fertilizer P reacts in the soil to form compounds with Aluminium, Iron and Calcium. It forms water-soluble phosphate ions and compounds reacting with these elements which can be readily absorbed by the plants for its use.
Phosphorous is one of the essential nutrients of plants and it shares a major portion in all widely used fertilizers like NPK, DAP, MAP, TSP, etc.

Plants require Fe and Mg for the synthesis of chlorophyll.
The presence of magnesium in chlorophyll was discovered in 1906, and was that element's first detection in living tissue.
Chlorophyll share a common biosynthetic pathway with porphyrins, including the precursor uroporphyrinogen III. Unlike hemes, which contain iron bound to the N₄ center, most chlorophylls bind magnesium. The axial ligands attached to the Mg²⁺ center are often omitted for clarity.
Mg²⁺ is essential for the function of many cellular enzymes and the aggregation of ribosomes.
Without iron, a plant can't produce chlorophyll and, therefore, can't get oxygen.