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Geological Hazards MCQs Questions & Answers | Geological Engineering

Learn and practice multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers related to Geological Hazards. These resources are available for Geological engineering students who wish to clear GATE exams, technical interviews, competitive examinations, and other entrance exams. The Geological Hazards chapter is particularly important for students studying Geological engineering.

1
Which of the following is considered a primary geological hazard?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option A
Solution:
Volcanic eruption is a primary geological hazard as it results directly from geologic processes beneath the Earth's surface.Soil erosion and groundwater depletion are secondary or environmental issues.
2
The point within the Earth where an earthquake originates is called the:
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
The hypocenter (or focus) is the exact location inside the Earth where the earthquake starts.The epicenter is the point directly above it on the surface.
3
Landslides are most commonly triggered by:
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Earthquakes can destabilize slopes and trigger landslides, especially in hilly and mountainous terrain.Heavy rainfall and human activity are also common causes.
4
Which of the following is a measure of earthquake magnitude?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
The Richter scale quantifies the energy released by an earthquake.Mercalli scale measures intensity (effects on surface).
5
What is liquefaction in geological terms?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Liquefaction occurs when saturated, unconsolidated soil temporarily behaves like a liquid during intense ground shaking.This leads to ground failure and building collapse.
6
Tsunamis are typically generated by:
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Tsunamis are large sea waves caused by underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides that displace large water volumes.
7
A slow-moving, down-slope flow of water-saturated earth material is called:
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option D
Solution:
Earthflow refers to a slow, viscous flow of fine-grained soils and sediments, saturated with water, moving down a slope.
8
The most dangerous type of volcanic eruption is:
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Plinian eruptions are highly explosive and eject large volumes of ash and pumice into the stratosphere.They can cause wide-area devastation.
9
Which human activity is most likely to induce landslides?
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option B
Solution:
Quarrying and excavation disturb the natural slope and structure of land, increasing the risk of landslides.
10
The zone of high seismic activity around the Pacific Ocean is called:
Discuss
Answer & Solution
Answer: Option C
Solution:
The Circum-Pacific Belt, also known as the Ring of Fire, is known for its high frequency of earthquakes and volcanoes.